Forest Transformation Enabling Regional Ecological Livability under the Medium of Environmental Carrying Capacity—Path and Identification of Effect
⑴ Background——The regional ecological livability in China is facing severe challenges.Forest resources play an important role in improving urban ecological livability.Although the existing studies have been concerned that forest resources can improve the level of ecological livability by promoting the green development of regional economy and improving the quality of regional ecological environment,there are few relevant quantitative stud-ies,especially the logical relationship and effect path between forest transformation,environmental carrying ca-pacity and ecological livability level have not been deeply discussed.⑵Methods——This paper firstly evaluated the forest transformation index,environmental carrying capaci-ty and ecological livability level of 31 provinces(municipalities and autonomous regions)in China by using the results of forest resources inventory and relevant statistical data from 1999 to 2018.Then,the mediating effect model was used to further explore the effect path of forest transformation enabling regional ecological livability,i-dentify the mediating variable of environmental carrying capacity,and measure its mediating effect on the level of forest transformation enabling regional ecological livability.⑶ Results——First,during 1999-2018,China's forest transformation index showed a stable and rising development trend on the whole,but the level difference among different regions was obvious,and the forest transformation effect was the most significant in southwest and northeast China.Second,the evolution characteris-tics of U-shaped curve of China's environmental carrying capacity were very obvious,and the environmental car-rying capacity in southwest China,south China and east China was stronger.The environmental carrying capacity of east China,central China,south China and north China was prominent in the recovery stage.During the peri-od of rapid economic development,the environmental carrying capacity of northeast China,southwest China and northwest China showed a decreasing trend,with an average growth rate of-1.01%,-2.4%and-1.24%,re-spectively.Third,the level of ecological livability in China showed a trend of fluctuation and increase on the whole,especially in southwest China,north China and east China.Fourth,the results of the mediating effect verified the mediating role of environmental carrying capacity in the impact of forest transformation on regional ec-ological livability level,and its mediating effect accounted for 22.51%of the total effect.⑷ Conclusions and Discussions——Based on the above research conclusions,the following policy sug-gestions are put forward:First,continue to promote deeper forest transformation actions with national land green-ing as the core.The government needs to increase policy support and investment for forest transformation in eco-logically fragile areas,coordinate urban and rural forest ecological construction.Second,give full play to the me-diating role of environmental carrying capacity between forest transformation and regional ecological livability,and establish a scientific assessment system of environmental capacity.Accelerate the development and use of dis-ruptive technologies in the field of environmental monitoring,establish an early warning mechanism of environ-mental carrying capacity to realize rapid early warning and timely response to the overload of environmental carry-ing capacity,and promote the modernization of the ecological environment protection system.Third,establish and improve the evaluation system and rights protection mechanism for ecological livability.Establish a decision-making and management mechanism led by grassroots governments with the participation of community represent-atives and a dedicated line for suggestions and complaints on ecological livability to provide legal protection for an ecological livable environment.
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