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根茎类中药材机械化收获现状及展望

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近年来,中药材经济快速发展,产业规模逐年扩大.其中,根茎类中药材是中医药领域中重要的药材资源之一,在我国每个省份几乎都有种植,但目前根茎类中药材收获仍依赖传统人工劳动,耗时费力,效率低,缺乏针对不同地区和不同栽培品种的成熟现代化收获机械.农民对于现代化收获机械的认知和接受度较低,致使机械化收获的普及率较低,这些情况严重制约根茎类中药材产业发展,限制其潜在市场规模和经济效益.主要对全国根茎类中药种植分布、国外和国内根茎类中药材收获机械化研究取得的进展、关键部件挖掘铲、挖掘机构、分离输送机构的研究情况进行阐述,并分析根茎类中药材收获机械化存在的问题,最后对根茎类中药材机械化收获的研究重点和主要方向进行了展望.为我国根茎类中药材收获机的研究提供参考,促进根茎类中药材收获机械化水平的提高.
Current situation and prospect of mechanized harvesting of rhizome Chinese medicinal materials
In recent years,the Chinese herbal medicine economy has developed rapidly,and the industrial scale has expanded year by year.Among them,rhizome Chinese medicinal materials are one of the important medicinal materi-als resources in the field of traditional Chinese medicine,which is almost planted in every province in China,but at present,the harvest of rhizome Chinese medicinal materials still relies on traditional manual labor,time-consuming and laborious,low efficiency,lack of mature and modern harvesting machinery for different regions and different cul-tivars.Farmers'cognition and acceptance of modern harvesting machinery is low,resulting in a low penetration rate of mechanized harvesting,which seriously restricts the development of rhizome Chinese medicinal materials industry,limiting its potential market scale and economic benefits.This paper will mainly describe the planting distribution of rhizome traditional Chinese medicine in China,the progress made in mechanized harvesting of rhizome traditional Chinese medicine at home and abroad,the research situation of key components digging shovel,digging mechanism,separation and conveying mechanism,and analyze the problems existing in mechanized harvesting of rhizome tradi-tional Chinese medicine.Finally,the research focus and main direction of mechanized harvesting of rhizome Chinese medicinal materials were prospected.To provide reference for the research of rhizome harvesting machine in China,and promote the improvement of rhizome harvesting mechanization level.

chinese medicinal materialsseparation of medicine and soildigging shorelseparate transport

王泽宇、刘小龙、张华、李辉、昕若飞、魏乐

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甘肃农业大学机电工程学院,甘肃 兰州 730070

中药材 药土分离 挖掘铲 分离输送

甘肃省教育科技创新项目甘肃省科技计划项目

2021CYZC-2521CX6NA081

2024

林业机械与木工设备
国家林业局哈尔滨林业机械研究所

林业机械与木工设备

影响因子:0.574
ISSN:2095-2953
年,卷(期):2024.52(1)
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