Euzophera pyriella is a primary reason causing the death of fragrant pear in Xinjiang. On the basis of the literature and field survey, this paper reviewed and summarized occurrence and damage of the pest, and morphology and biology of the insect. Additionally, the control measures, used in agriculture production, were also summarized. Furthermore, we put forward an integrated pest management measure. It was pointed out that the occurrence of E. Pyriella was closely related with pear valsa canker, freeze injury, cultivation and management measure, host situation, and so on. Control of E. Pyriella is very difficult. Some measures are urgently needed such as developing practical techniques of sex attractant, improving efficiency of light trap, screening specific pesticides and making pest risk analysis.