Long-Term Characteristics of Water Quality of Surface Water and Groundwater in Dinghushan Forested Watershed
[Objective]This study aimed to explore the water quality characteristics and changes of surface water and groundwater in forested watershed,and provided an important reference for combating regional environmental changes and the development of the ecological environment.[Method]This study took the Donggou watershed in Dinghushan National Reserve as the object,and relied on the long-term observation of the water quality in flowing surface water and shallow groundwater in the watershed based on the monitoring specification of forest water environment issued by the Chinese Ecosystem Research Network.[Result]The results showed that during the study period(2005-2018),the precipitation in the Dinghushan watershed was weak acidic(pH:5.85±1.10).Compared with the acidity in precipitation,surface water showed significant acidification(4.76±0.58,P<0.01),while groundwater had a certain degree of improvement of acidity.On the whole,the salinity in precipitation was lower,and salinity in groundwater was significantly higher than that in precipitation and surface water in both dry and wet seasons(P<0.01).The long-term measurement of dissolved oxygen and chemical oxygen demand also showed that anthropogenic pollution of surface water and groundwater was low,and the water quality was good.Through the comparative analysis of the main ion content,it was found that the Na+,K+,Ca2+,Mg2+,SO42-,and Cl− in groundwater were significantly higher than the corresponding ion content in surface water(especially the Ca2+ and K+),while the content of NO3− in groundwater was significantly lower than that of surface water(P<0.05).In addition,the study also found significant difference in the content of SO42− in groundwater between dry and wet seasons(P=0.03),while the inter-seasonal differences of other ions were not significant.[Conclusion]The quality of surface water and groundwater in the well-protected Dinghushan forested watershed was good,which can be used as a reference for the management of the water environment in this area.
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