超越实证主义与现代主义——亚当·沙夫对马克思历史主义的辩护
Transcendence over Positivism and Modernism—Adam Schaff's Defense of Marxist Historicism
牛子宏 1白蒙蒙1
作者信息
- 1. 洛阳师范学院 马克思主义学院,河南 洛阳 471934
- 折叠
摘要
马克思历史主义在历史主义的谱系中具有重要的位置,但也面临着诸多误解.亚当·沙夫认为,对历史主义的误读主要表现为实证主义和现代主义的历史观.前者坚持消极的历史反映论,否认人的主观能动性,对历史规律的高度依赖使其倒向历史决定论.后者强调认识主体的优先性,否认历史的客观性,最终难免陷入相对主义的泥潭.马克思历史主义坚持唯物的辩证认识论,强调真理的历史性和渐进性特征,从而与实证主义和现代主义划清了界限.
Abstract
Marxist historicism faces many misunderstandings though it holds an important position in the gene-alogy of historicism.Adam Schaff believes that the misreading of historicism is mainly manifested in the viewpoints of positivism and modernism.The former adheres to a negative theory of historical reflection,denies human subjec-tive initiative,and shifts towards historical determinism due to high dependence on historical laws.The latter em-phasizes the priority of the cognitive subjects,denies the objectivity of history,and ultimately falls into the quag-mire of relativism.Marxist historicism adheres to the dialectical epistemology of materialism,emphasizing the his-torical and progressive characteristics of truth,thus distinguishing it from positivism and modernism.
关键词
亚当·沙夫/实证主义/现代主义/历史主义/马克思主义Key words
Adam Schaff/positivism/modernism/historicism/Marxism引用本文复制引用
基金项目
国家社会科学基金一般项目(21BZX034)
洛阳师范学院研究阐释党的二十大精神专项(2022-MLZX-005)
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据