The Road to Autonomy:On the Value Transformation of the Tourism Academic Community in China
Under the guidance of the paradigm of the subject-object relationship,this paper provides a reflective framework for Chinese tourism by retrospecting and sorting out the value evolution of the domestic tourism academic community over the past 40 years.The extensive literature analysis demonstrates that the long-term development of the socialist market economy with Chinese characteristics reforms the Chinese tourism market from a"unitary style"(which is solely composed of inbound tourism market)to a"trinary style"(which is composed of inbound tourism market,domestic tourism market,and outbound tourism market).Such a reformation contributes to three fundamental transformations of research on domestic tourism.The key disciplinary focus evolves from tourism resources to the tourism market and then to the quality of life,the disciplinary technology expands from concept transplantation to theory introduction and then to localized innovation,and the disciplinary communication converts from industry orientation to internal orientation and then to social orientation.These fundamental transformations reveal a logical transition from"social legitimacy"to"knowledge legitimacy",which not only reflects the pursuit of discipline independence of tourism,but also initiates the value differentiation within the academic community of tourism.The involution and fragmentation accompanied by discipline independence breeds intellectualist bias and scholastic fallacy,which intensifies the conflict between tourism theory and practice,and thus hinders the healthy development of tourism.With reference to the analytical framework of the sociological typology of Burawoy,this paper suggests dividing tourism sciences into four inter-connected sub-disciplines:professional tourism,policy tourism,critical tourism,and public tourism.Such a division is likely to maintain a living tourism academic community.Among them,professional tourism is the foundation of all tourism studies whose development requires the support of other tourism studies,and critical tourism is the most ideal way to bridge the value of the tourism academic community.
tourism academic communityvalue transformationautonomylegitimacy of knowledgecritical tourism
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