Corporate Social Responsibility and Employees'Affective Commitment:Study of Part-time Hotel Employees
Part-time employment in service enterprises,especially tourism enterprises,has undergone normalized,large-scale development in China.Part-time employees have gradually changed from individuals concerned mainly about wages to ones caring more about self-development.The growing nonfinancial needs of such employees have become an important issue for corporate social responsibility practice and research.In reality,however,companies frequently fail to fulfill their psychological commitments in a fair manner for the individual contributions of part-time employees.Accordingly,part-time employees often feel that the implementation of corporate responsibilities is imbalanced and that their affective commitment is lower than that of full-time employees.Further,with increased part-time employment,a distinction has emerged between short-and long-term work in this group that may lead to differences in expectations and fairness concerns related to corporate social responsibility.However,studies have mainly focused on direct impacts of internal corporate social responsibility perceived by full-time employees on their affective commitment;there has been a lack of research on the important group of part-time employees.The present study examined 501 questionnaire responses to determine the impact of internal corporate social responsibility perceived by part-time hotel employees on their affective commitment.It investigated psychological contract breach and number of working years.We found an inverted U-shaped relationship between internal corporate social responsibility and affective commitment of part-time employees;psychological contract breach played a mediating role;and number of working years displayed a moderate U-shaped relationship between internal corporate social responsibility and psychological contract breach.Among part-time employees with longer working years,there was a stronger U-shaped relationship between internal corporate social responsibility and psychological contract breach.We observed hitherto scarcely reported differences between full-and part-time employees regarding internal corporate social responsibility.Our finding that internal corporate social responsibility may affect employees'negative rather than positive psychology regarding affective commitment helps clarify the process of generating affective commitment among part-time employees.Our categorization and discussion of working years of part-time employment elucidate the boundary conditions of the relationship between corporate social responsibility and affective commitment.This study advances suggestions for optimizing human resource management for part-time employees.First,it is necessary to consider the financial and non-financial needs of such employees and provide them with a fair internal social responsibility environment.Second,tourism companies should focus on psychological changes among part-time employees and strive to balance their psychological perceptions of contributions and returns.Third,to achieve efficient,refined management,tourism companies should implement fair internal corporate social responsibility based on number of years employees have worked for the company.
hotels'part-time employeesinternal corporate social responsibilitypsychological contract breachaffective commitmentworking years
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