Environmental Justice Research in Tourist Destinations:Progress and Insights
The rapid development of tourism has made environmental protection and conflicts in interest distribution in tourist destinations the focus of attention.In the new era,efforts have been made to enhance ecological conservation and promote harmony between humanity and nature in the new era and the principal contradiction facing Chinese society has evolved.Thus,the concept of environmental justice is introduced into tourism research to address the unbalanced and unequal development of tourist destinations.Through conducting a literature review,we found that research on environmental justice of tourist destinations is carried out from two main perspectives:spaces(object)and stakeholders(subject).This paper summarizes the concept of tourist destination environmental justice,the dimensions of environmental justice,the measurement of environmental justice,and the influencing factors.In general,the dimensions of environmental justice in tourist destinations mainly include distributive justice,procedural justice,interactive justice,and recognition justice.In building an environmental justice measurement system based on indicator construction,and measurement models and approaches,the content is affected by factors such as the spatial and temporal distribution of tourist destinations,capital intervention,tourist disturbance,group differences,governmental disagreements,and lack of participation and recognition.The research on environmental justice in tourist destinations is rich in content and adds a new dimension to environmental justice research.In the future,we should continue to improve the research system building,expand the research's temporal and spatial scales,pay attention to the research on the correlation between dimensions,and develop a set of indicators for measuring environmental justice that corresponds to the needs of society.Moreover,further efforts are required to explore paths toward environmental justice in tourist destinations and provide a scientific basis for their sustainable development.All these aim to contribute to the resolution of the current principal contradiction in Chinese society and enhance ecological conservation.
tourist destinationsenvironmental justicespaces of tourist destinationsstakeholders
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