美国消费者金融保护局的成立、职能及运行
The Establishment,Functions,and Operation of the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau(CFPB)in the United States
石培培1
作者信息
摘要
美国消费者金融保护局的创建是对2008年金融危机的直接回应.为确保消费者金融产品和服务公平、透明和具有竞争力,该机构整合了以前分散在多个机构的消费者保护责任,在促进美国金融消费者保护、金融普及教育和改变金融监管方式方面发挥了关键作用.然而自成立以来,美国消费者金融保护局就深陷争议旋涡.民主党和共和党的政治和意识形态分歧使其成为一个高度政治化的机构.机构的局长负责制被质疑缺乏问责制和透明度,机构资金来源的相对独立性被认为是绕过国会拨款程序的资金机制,从而被质疑其设计的合宪性.围绕该机构的持续争议凸显了消费者金融保护监管内在的挑战和复杂性.在美国政治极化不断加剧的态势下,总统及行政部门、国会和司法机构都在以不同的方式,主动或者被动介入消费者金融保护局的运作当中,使其权威、资金以及资源分配等都受到影响.未来美国消费者金融保护局在保持其独立性和效率发展的同时,将继续受到更广泛政治因素的影响.
Abstract
The creation of the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau(CFPB)in the United States was a direct response to the financial crisis of 2008.The agency was established to ensure that consumer financial products and serv-ices are fair,transparent,and competitive by consolidating consumer pro-tection responsibilities that were previously scattered across various agen-cies.It has played a key role in promoting consumer financial protection,financial literacy education,and transforming the approach to financial reg-ulation in the United States.However,since its inception,the CFPB has been embroiled in controversy.The political and ideological differences be-tween the Democratic and Republican parties have made it a highly politi-cized institution.
关键词
美国政治/政府/消费者金融保护局/美国消费者/政治极化/总统国会/司法引用本文复制引用
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据