Cotton is the most important natural fiber crop in the world,as well as also an important cash crop and raw material for textile industry in China.The change of fruit branch angle directly or indirectly affects the canopy structure,light energy distribution,boll formation structure and mechanical characteristics.In order to provide reference for the improvement of cotton plant architecture breeding and further promote cotton breeding,this paper reviews the current research status of cotton fruit branch angle from the perspective of cultivation and molecular,summarizes the previous research results and probes into the research trend of cotton fruit branch angle.