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垃圾渗滤液处理同步填埋气脱硫脱碳提纯

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为研究二级膜生物膜反应器(MBfR)在处理垃圾渗滤液协同垃圾填埋气脱硫脱碳提纯方面的效能与机制，依次考察了前置短程硝化MBfR和后置MBfR运行过程中有机物和氮素污染物的去除效能，以及垃圾填埋气中H2S、CO2和CH4的转化特性。实验结果表明:在反应系统运行280 d后，成功实现了渗滤液深度处理协同填埋气高效脱硫脱碳。通过控制前置反应器低溶氧，亚硝化率可达85％以上，可实现短程硝化和DAMO-Anammox过程的耦合。系统对COD、NH4+和TN的平均去除率分别可达95％、99％和99％，可实现垃圾渗滤液高效减碳脱氮;垃圾填埋气经过净化后的CO2和H2S气体成分分别降低至0。2％以下和5％左右，而CH4气体成分提高至80％左右，显著提升了垃圾填埋气的质量。反硝化型厌氧甲烷氧化古菌和产甲烷古菌在电子转移系统中表现出高活跃性，暗示其通过直接电子转移的种间关系，可强化CO2还原产CH4过程。本研究中，高效的填埋气升级效果一方面归功于富集了电活性产甲烷菌Methanothrix和硫自养反硝化细菌Thiobacillus;另一方面，高有机负荷的厌氧产甲烷过程消耗大量质子，从而提高体系碱性并增加液相中可吸收的CO2量。这进一步促进了垃圾填埋气中CO2含量减少和CH4含量增加。
Simultaneous implementation for landfill leachate treatment and desulfurization and decarbonization of landfill gas purification
To investigate the efficiency and mechanism of treating landfill leachate by two-stage mem-brane biofilm reactor(MBfR)in cooperation with desulfurization and decarbonization of landfill gas,we sequentially examined the removal efficiency of organic matter and nitrogen pollutants,as well as the conversion characteristics of H2S,CO2,and CH4 in landfill gas during the operation of pre-short-range nitrification MBfR and post-MBfR.After 280 days of operation,experimental results demonstrated that the reaction system successfully achieved high-efficiency desulfurization and decar-burization for advanced treatment of leachate along with upgrading landfill gas.By controlling low dis-solved oxygen levels in the pre-reactor,nitrosation rates exceeding 85％were achieved while enabling partial nitrification coupled DAMO-Anammox process.The average removal rates for COD,NH4,and TN reached 95％,99％,and 99％respectively,thereby achieving efficient carbon and nitrogen reduc-tion for landfill leachate.Following landfill gas purification processes,CO2 content was reduced to less than 0.2％,and H2S content decreased to approximately 5％,while CH4 content increased to around 80％.This significant upgrade in landfill gas can be attributed to highly active denitrifying anaerobic methanogenic archaea species within the electron transfer system which enhance CO2-reducing CH4 production through direct electron transfer between species.Furthermore,this study highlights how effi-cient landfill gas upgrading is facilitated by enrichment of electroactive Methanothrix and Thiobacillus organisms on one hand;additionally anaerobic methanogenesis processes with high organic loads con-sume many protons leading to increased alkalinity within the system thus enhancing absorption capacity for CO2 into liquid phase.This further facilitated the reduction of CO2 content and the elevation of CH4 content in landfill gas.

Landfill leachatePartial nitrificationDenitrifying anaerobic methane oxidationAnam-moxMethanogenesisDesulfurization and decarbonization for landfill gas

聂文博、陈一

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重庆大学环境与生态学院,重庆 400045

重庆大学三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室,重庆 400045

垃圾渗滤液 短程硝化 反硝化型厌氧甲烷氧化 厌氧氨氧化 产甲烷 填埋气脱硫脱碳

国家自然科学基金资助项目中国博士后科学基金资助项目重庆市杰出青年科学基金资助项目

522000392022M710513CSTB2022NSCQ-JQX0023

2024

10.20078/j.eep.20231211

能源环境保护
煤炭科学研究总院杭州环境保护研究所

能源环境保护

影响因子：0.472
ISSN：1006-8759
年,卷(期)：2024.38(1)
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