Progress in the catalytic conversion of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural prepared from different biomass feedstocks
Biomass is widely recognized as a potentially abundant source of renewable energy,chemi-cals,materials,and more,making it an excellent alternative to traditional energy sources.5-hydroxy-methylfurfural(5-HMF),also known as HMF,is a versatile and critical renewable platform compound.It has earned the nickname"sleeping giant"due to its vast range of potential applications that can be derived from biomass-derived carbohydrates.Currently,saccharides serve as the primary raw materials for HMF preparation.In this paper,we delve into the mechanism of HMF synthesis and discuss the research progress on the catalytic preparation of 5-HMF from various feedstock sources,in-cluding hexoses,polysaccharides,and other biomasses.Previous studies indicate that the presence of metal elements can enhance the conversion rate of glucose,whereas for fructose,the focus lies more on designing a non-homogeneous catalyst to improve the yield.The hydrolysis of polysaccharides into mon-osaccharides is a crucial step for conversion,emphasizing both polysaccharide hydrolysis and monosac-charide conversion.Finally,we provide an outlook on the future research direction of HMF feedstocks,as well as the design and development of catalysts,aiming to offer theoretical support for future in-depth research.
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