近年来,垃圾焚烧发电已经成为处理生活垃圾的方法之一,产品碳足迹可以量化垃圾焚烧发电的温室气体排放.选取江西省一个典型生活垃圾焚烧厂为研究对象,计算了生活垃圾焚烧发电的产品碳足迹值,分析了垃圾焚烧发电生命周期的主要阶段,为降低垃圾焚烧厂的温室气体排放提供数据支撑.采用生命周期评价方法(LCA),以1 kW·h上网电力为功能单位,确定了垃圾焚烧发电的电力产品的生命周期边界.结果表明,1月份单位上网电力的碳足迹为0.841 kg CO2e/(kW·h),单位垃圾碳足迹为342.39 kg CO2e/t,碳足迹结果较低的原因是选取的垃圾热值较低.在各阶段中,垃圾焚烧阶段排放最高,占比达78％.因此,对垃圾焚烧的碳减排工作应该以降低垃圾的直接燃烧碳排放为重点.在运行过程中,应尽可能地达到额定负荷,以降低单位碳足迹.此外,还可以通过推行垃圾分类以增加塑料组分回收率,以及推动柴油车改电车等方式实现碳减排.
Abstract
In recent years,waste incineration power generation has become one method for domestic waste treatment.The carbon footprint can provide a quantitative tool for evaluating greenhouse gas emis-sions from this process.A typical solid waste incineration plant in Jiangxi Province was chosen as the research object to calculate the carbon footprint and analyze the main stages of the life cycle of waste in-cineration power generation,aiming to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in such plants.The life cycle assessment(LCA)method was adopted,and the life cycle boundary of the power products generated by waste incineration was defined using 1 kW·h of grid power as the functional unit.The results showed that the carbon footprint per unit of grid power generation was 0.841 kg CO2e/(kW·h),and the carbon footprint of per unit waste was 342.39 kg CO2e/t.This relatively low carbon footprint might be attributed to the low calorific value of the selected garbage.The waste incineration stage had the highest emissions,accounting for 78％of the total.Therefore,efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emis-sions from waste incineration should primarily focus on minimizing direct carbon emissions from waste combustion.Operating the incineration plant at its rated load as much as possible is crucial to achieve this goal,along with increasing the recycling rate of plastic components and transitioning from diesel vehicles to electric vehicles.
关键词
碳足迹/全生命周期/垃圾焚烧/温室气体排放/垃圾发电
Key words
Carbon footprint/Full life cycle/Waste incineration/Greenhouse gas emissions/Waste power generation
维普
万方数据