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体系化建构和学理化阐释:恩格斯对政治经济学批判的历史贡献

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"作为科学家"的恩格斯,对马克思政治经济学批判进行体系化建构和学理化阐释是贯穿其晚年的主要研究工作.由"重读"马克思的文本及其思想和盛赞马克思的理论才华,到检视资本主义世界经济新现象,历史的主客观条件要求恩格斯必须对政治经济学批判加以审思.恩格斯晚年集中精力校勘《资本论》版本,修饰并宣传《资本论》第一卷德文版和英文版,整理出版《资本论》第二卷和第三卷的遗稿,构思设想《资本论》第四卷的篇章布局及内容主干;同时,拒斥"讲坛社会主义者"的错误观点、同庸俗化教条化绝对化政治经济学思想交锋以及拓宽广义政治经济学概念内涵,以释清马克思政治经济学的"理论精神和批判精神".恩格斯辩证地把握历史经验事实,坚持"原原本本"的历史叙述,在具有原则高度的批判实践中阐明马克思主义科学性的理论实质,使政治经济学批判展现出体系化和学理化的特征.恩格斯晚年对政治经济学批判的这一历史贡献为中国共产党开创中国特色社会主义政治经济学提供了重要方法论启示.
Systematic Construction and Academic Interpretation:Engels'Theoretical Contribution to the Critique of Political Economy
Engels,as a"scientist"systematically constructed and academically interpreted Marx's critique of political economy,which was his main research work throughout his later years.From"rereading"Marx's texts and ideas and praising Marx's theoretical talent to examining new phenomena in the capitalist world economy,the subjective and objective conditions of history required Engels to reflect on the critique of political economy.In his later years,Engels concentrated on proofreading the version of"Capital",revising and promoting the German and English versions of the first volume of"Capital",compiling and publishing the manuscripts of the second and third volumes of"Capital",and conceiving the layout and content of the fourth volume of"Capital";at the same time,he rejected the erroneous views of"platform socialists",confronted the vulgarization,dogmatism and absolutism of political economy,and broadened the connotation of the concept of broad political economy,so as to clarify the"theoretical spirit and critical spirit"of Marx's political economy.Engels dialectically grasped the facts of historical experience,adhered to the"original"historical narrative,and explained the theoretical essence of the scientific nature of Marxism in the critical practice with a high principle,making the critique of political economy show the characteristics of systematization and academicization.Engels'historical contribution to the critique of political economy in his later years provided important methodological inspiration for the Communist Party of China to create socialist political economy with Chinese characteristics.

Engelscritique of political economyscientific naturesystematizationacademicization

吴海江、李文莹

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复旦大学马克思主义学院(上海200433)

恩格斯 政治经济学批判 科学性 体系化 学理化

2024

马克思主义理论学科研究

马克思主义理论学科研究

CSSCI北大核心
ISSN:
年,卷(期):2024.10(9)