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深井救援技术与装备研究现状和发展趋势

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深井救援技术是指在深井事故救援过程中对被困人员进行救援各环节涉及的关键技术,主要包括环境侦测技术、生命探测技术、深井快速破拆技术、应急通信网络构建技术及保障深井事故救援顺利进行的其他辅助技术.深井救援装备是指在深井救援技术实施过程中必要的硬件装备和软件平台等.研究深井救援技术和装备对于保障被困人员生命安全、减少事故损失至关重要.分析了深井救援装备及关键技术的研究现状,指出现有的救援技术和装备并不能完全满足复杂多变的环境要求,存在救援装备的通用性与专用性研究不足、救援装备智能化程度有待提升、网络协同能力难以满足救援复杂环境要求、救援装备创新性研究不足等问题.针对上述问题,展望了深井救援装备与技术的发展趋势:①深井救援装备应通过不同救援场景进行专用性和通用性划分,单一装备向多功能性、高可靠性、高机动性发展.②救援装备智能化、精准化、自主决策化,实现智能装备为主、人员为辅的救援模式.③构建急速组网、多模式组网、一体化救援网络平台.④集成TDLAS虽然目前并没有达到救援标准,但其高分辨率、高灵敏度和可集成化在未来将会发挥重要作用,以实现环境监测装备的高集成、轻量化、高效化.
Current research status and development trends of deep well rescue technology and equipment
Deep well rescue technology refers to the key technologies involved in various aspects of rescuing trapped personnel during the process of deep well accident rescue.It mainly includes environmental detection technology,life detection technology,deep well rapid demolition technology,emergency communication network construction technology,and other auxiliary technologies to ensure the smooth progress of deep well accident rescue.Deep well rescue equipment refers to necessary hardware equipment and software platforms during the implementation of deep well rescue technology.Studying deep well rescue technology and equipment is crucial for ensuring the safety of trapped personnel and reducing accident losses.The current research status of deep well rescue equipment and key technologies is analyzed.It is pointed out that existing rescue technologies and equipment cannot fully meet the complex and changing environmental requirements.There are problems such as insufficient research on the universality and specificity of rescue equipment,the need to improve the intelligence level of rescue equipment,difficulty in meeting the needs of complex rescue environments with network collaboration capabilities,and insufficient innovation research on rescue equipment.In order to solve the above issues,the development trend of deep well rescue equipment and technology is discussed.①Deep well rescue equipment should be divided into specialized and universal categories based on different rescue scenarios.A single equipment should develop towards multifunctionality,high reliability,and high mobility.②Rescue equipment is intelligent,precise,and self decision-making,achieving a rescue mode of intelligent equipment as the main focus and personnel as the auxiliary.③It is suggested to build a rapid networking,multi-mode networking,and integrated rescue network platform.④Although TDLAS integration does not currently meet rescue standards,its high resolution,high sensitivity,and integrability will play an important role in the future,achieving high integration,lightweight,and efficiency of environmental monitoring equipment.

deep well rescuerescue equipmentintegration of air and earthintelligent rescuedetect equipmentdig/dismantling equipmentcommunication equipmentlift equipment

文虎、侯宗宣、郑学召、蔡国斌、严瑞锦

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西安科技大学 安全科学与工程学院,陕西 西安 710054

国家矿山救援西安研究中心,陕西 西安 710054

深井救援 救援装备 空天地一体 智能救援 侦测装备 挖掘/破拆装备 通信装备 吊升装备

国家重点研发计划国家自然科学基金陕西省应急救援装备能力评估项目

2023YFC3010905521741972023HZ1554

2024

工矿自动化
中煤科工集团常州研究院有限公司

工矿自动化

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子:0.867
ISSN:1671-251X
年,卷(期):2024.50(5)
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