碎软低渗煤层水平井水力喷砂射孔工艺优化
Optimization of hydraulic jet perforation tools for horizontal wells in broken soft and low permeability coal seams
张永成 1赵祉友 2汪奇 3文贤利 4刘亮亮 1李德慧 1张为 1王旭超 5李大冬6
作者信息
- 1. 煤与煤层气共采国家重点实验室,山西 晋城 048000
- 2. 晋能控股集团有限公司,山西 大同 037000
- 3. 中原石油勘探局井下特种作业公司,河南 濮阳 457000
- 4. 新疆油田公司工程技术研究院,新疆 克拉玛依 834000
- 5. 中国石油工程建设有限公司,北京 100120
- 6. 华阳一矿通风工区,山西 阳泉 045000
- 折叠
摘要
针对碎软低渗煤层水平井煤粉产出危害,提出采用水力喷砂射孔压裂来实现"射孔-增透-控粉"为一体的压裂改造理念,具体工艺包含水力喷砂射孔、高压射流、环空压裂以及水力补射孔清洗.通过成本及工艺对比,选择油管拖动水力喷砂射孔方式进行压裂,并对工艺和关键工具进行优化.首先,优化防反冲蚀破坏一体化硬质合金圆锥收敛型喷嘴,能实现排量 2.0～2.5 m3/min时,射流压力为16.5～25.8 MPa.其次,优化喷射器本体,能有效射穿套管、水泥塞,并射入岩石一定深度.配套一体化管柱顺利完成了煤层气U型水平井压裂和补射孔施工各 8 段,每段射孔时间15 min以上,并充分顶替返排煤粉,投产3 年后产气量仍达到 3500 m3/d以上,表明优化工艺达到了碎软低渗煤层改造效果.与连续油管分段压裂技术相比,油管拖动水力喷射压裂单段压裂作业成本降低了28.5%.
Abstract
Aiming at the harm of pulverized coal production in horizontal wells in broken soft and low permeability coal seams,a new concept of hydraulic jet perforation and fracturing was proposed,to enhance coal seam permeability and reduce pulverized coal.The process was comprised hydraulic jet perforation,high-pressure jet,annulus fracturing and hydraulic jet perforation cleaning.Through the comparison of cost and process,drag tubing hydraulic sand blasting perforation fracturing was selected,and the process and key tools were optimized.Firstly,the integrated cemented carbide conical convergent nozzle was optimized to prevent reverse erosion damage,to maintain a jet pressure of 16.5～25.8 MPa when the displacement was 2.0～2.5 m3/min.Secondly,the ejector body was optimized,to effectively shoot through the casing and cement plug,and shoot into the rock to a certain depth.The supporting integrated string successfully completed the construction of 8-stage fracturing and 8-stage supplementary perforation of coalbed methane U-shaped horizontal well.The perforation time of each section was more than 15 min,and fully displaced the backflow pulverized coal.After three years of operation,the gas production is still more than 3500 m3/d,which shows that the optimized process has achieved the transformation effect of broken soft and low permeability coal seams.Compared with coiled tubing staged fracturing technology,the single-stage fracturing operation cost through hydraulic jet fracturing by dragging tubing has been reduced by 28.5%.
关键词
碎软低渗煤层/水平井/水力喷砂射孔/压裂Key words
broken and soft coal seam with low permeability/horizontal well/hydraulic jet perforation/fracturing引用本文复制引用
基金项目
山西省煤层气联合研究基金(2016012003)
中国工程院院地合作项目(2020SX4)
山西省揭榜招标项目(20201101004)
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据