摘要
高寒地区露天煤矿爆破作业后产生的大块煤体在一定程度上加剧了露天煤矿运输设备损耗,大块煤体会在运输环节对胶带产生一定的破坏,更甚者会堵塞破碎站,进而严重影响露天矿正常生产.为控制露天矿爆破作业后的煤体大块率,提高露天煤矿经济效益,基于利文斯顿爆破漏斗理论,进行高寒地区煤层爆破漏斗实验设计,在理论分析的基础上进行了现场冻煤层爆破漏斗实验,揭示了高寒地区煤层爆破漏斗参数随不同装药结构、孔深、装药量的变化规律,最终采用灰色关联度方法分析出不同影响因素对效果指标之间的影响程度.结果表明:大块率的影响因素按照其程度从大到小依次为:孔深、装药量、装药结构;爆破漏斗半径的影响因素按照其程度从大到小依次为:装药量、孔深、装药结构;漏斗体积的影响因素按照其影响程度从大到小依次为:孔深、装药量、装药结构.
Abstract
The large coal bodies generated after blasting operations in open-pit coal mines in cold regions have to some extent exacerbated the loss of transportation equipment in open-pit coal mines.The large coal bodies causes certain damage to the belt during transportation,and even block the crushing station,thereby,seriously affecting the normal production.To control the rate of large coal blocks after blasting operations in open-pit mines and improve the economic benefits.Based on the Livingston blasting crater theory,experiment was designed for coal seam blasting craters in high and cold regions.On the basis of the theoretical analysis,on-site frozen coal seam blasting crater experiments were conducted,revealing the changes in coal seam blasting crater parameters with different charging structures,hole depths,and charging amounts.Finally,the grey correlation method was used to analyze the influence degree of different influencing factors on the effectiveness indicators.The results show that the influencing factors of bulk fraction,in descending order of degree,are:pore depth,charge quantity,and charge structure;the influencing factors of the radius of the blasting crater in descending order of degree are:charge quantity,hole depth,and charge structure;the influencing factors of crater volume,in descending order,are:pore depth,charge quantity,and charge structure,according to their degree of influence.
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