首页|矿用防爆柴油机四元组合式尾气后处理系统设计及性能试验

矿用防爆柴油机四元组合式尾气后处理系统设计及性能试验

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防爆柴油机是矿井辅助运输车辆使用最为广泛的动力源之一,受防爆改造以及井下恶劣环境的影响,导致其尾气污染问题严重,有悖于绿色矿山发展战略。煤矿井下自 2020年 12月开始实施非道路国Ⅲ排放标准,但现阶段矿用防爆柴油机尾气净化多采用机内前处理技术,无法满足非道路国Ⅳ及更高标准的排放要求。针对防爆柴油机尾气污染严重及净化技术滞后的问题,设计了一种新型四元组合式尾气后处理系统,并通过仿真和台架试验开展了关键部件结构参数优化及尾气污染物净化性能研究。首先,按照煤矿井下防爆要求,超前面向非道路国Ⅳ尾气排放标准,设计了一种由氧化催化剂(DOC)、颗粒捕集器(DPF)、选择性催化还原器(SCR)和防爆温控装置(EPTC)组成的防爆柴油机四元组合式尾气后处理系统;采用STAR-CCM+仿真软件对防爆温控装置结构进行传热分析,结果表明:管壁面温度均小于 150℃,可满足煤矿安全规程防爆要求。其次,以某型 60 kW防爆柴油机为研究对象,基于GT-Power软件分别搭建了DOC、SCR和DPF后处理部件的仿真模型,并对其关键结构参数及净化性能开展正交试验进行优化,确定了尾气后处理系统关键部件的最优结构参数,得到如下规律:污染物的净化效率随DOC和SCR的载体直径、载体长度和通道密度的增大而提高;载体长度和载体直径对DPF捕集效率与DOC和SCR规律一致,而DPF因其特殊的壁流式载体结构,随着通道密度增加,PM颗粒物的捕集效率可始终维持在 96%附近。在此基础上,建立了防爆柴油机和后处理系统的耦合模型,开展了防爆柴油机尾气排放污染物净化效率、动力性与经济性仿真试验。最后,研制了四元组合式尾气后处理系统样机并开展台架试验,将试验数据与仿真数据对比分析,结果表明:尾气后处理系统对CO、NO、HC与颗粒物的净化效率分别大于 95%、90%、83%以及 95%,可满足非道路国Ⅳ排放要求;加装尾气后处理系统的防爆柴油机整体输出扭矩平均下降 4。83%,整体燃油消耗率平均增加 1。19%,对防爆柴油机的动力性与经济性的实际影响较小。
Design and performance test of four elements combined exhaust aftertreatment system for mine explosion-proof diesel engine
Explosion-proof diesel engine is one of the most widely used power sources for auxiliary transportation vehicles in coal mines at present.It is affected by explosion-proof transformation and harsh underground environment,resulting in serious exhaust pollution,which is contrary to the green mine development strategy.The emission standard of Non-road National Stage Ⅲ has been implemented in coal mine since December 2020,but at the present stage,the exhaust gas puri-fication of explosion-proof diesel engines for mining uses the internal pretreatment technology,which cannot meet the emission requirements of the Non-road National Stage Ⅳ and higher standards.Aiming at the problems of serious ex-haust pollution and lagging exhaust purification technology,a four-element combined exhaust aftertreatment system was designed.Through simulation and bench test,the structural parameters optimization of key components and the purifica-tion performance of exhaust were studied.First of all,according to the explosion-proof requirements of underground coal mines,a four-element combined exhaust aftertreatment system of explosion-proof diesel engine composed of Diesel Oxid-ation Catalyst(DOC),Diesel Particulate Filter(DPF),Selective Catalyst Reduction(SCR),and Explosion-proof&Tem-perature Control device(EPTC)was designed,which exceeds the Non-road National Stage Ⅳ standard.The heat transfer analysis of EPTC device structure was carried out through the STAR-CCM+software.The results show that the pipe wall temperature is less than 150℃,which could meet the explosion-proof requirements of coal mine safety regulations.Then,taking a 60 kW explosion-proof diesel engine as the research object,the simulation models of DOC,SCR and DPF after-treatment components were built based on the GT-Power software.The key structural parameters and purification per-formance of the aftertreatment system were optimized by orthogonal test,and the optimal structural parameters of the key components were determined,and the following rules were obtained.The purification efficiency of pollutants increases with the increase of carrier diameter,carrier length and channel density of DOC and SCR.The effect of carrier length and diameter on the capture efficiency of DPF is consistent with the laws of DOC and SCR.Due to the special wall flow carri-er structure of DPF,the capture efficiency of PM particles can always be maintained around 96%as the channel density increases.On this basis,the coupling model of the explosion-proof diesel engine and the aftertreatment system was estab-lished,and the simulation test of purification efficiency,power and economy of exhaust pollutants from explosion-proof diesel engine was carried out.Finally,a prototype of exhaust aftertreatment system was developed and bench test was car-ried out.The purification efficiency of the system for CO,NO,HC and particulate matter is greater than 95%,90%,83%and 95%respectively,which could meet the requirements of the Non-road National Stage Ⅳ standard.The overall output torque of explosion-proof diesel engine equipped with exhaust aftertreatment system decreased by 4.83%on average,and the overall fuel consumption rate increased by 1.19%on average,which had little impact on the power and economy of ex-plosion-proof diesel engine.

explosion-proof diesel engineexhaust aftertreatmentfour elements combinedparameter optimizationNon-road National stage Ⅳ

张磊、唐彬展、鲍久圣、胡志伟、彭振、胡德平、阴妍、袁晓明

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中国矿业大学机电工程学院,江苏徐州 221116

山西西山晋兴能源有限责任公司斜沟煤矿,山西吕梁 033602

徐州徐工重型车辆有限公司,江苏徐州 221112

中国煤炭科工集团太原研究院有限公司,山西太原 030006

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防爆柴油机 尾气后处理 "四元"组合式 参数优化 非道路国Ⅳ

徐州市重点研发计划江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划中国矿业大学未来科学家计划

KC22419KYCX23_25112023WLKXJ092

2024

煤炭学报
中国煤炭学会

煤炭学报

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子:3.013
ISSN:0253-9993
年,卷(期):2024.49(5)
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