首页|西部矿区地下水系统水化学过程及其采动激发效应

西部矿区地下水系统水化学过程及其采动激发效应

扫码查看
原文链接
  • NETL
  • NSTL
  • 万方数据
煤炭资源开采会破坏含水层结构，扰动地下水系统，产生新的水循环模式。作为煤炭保供生产重心的西部矿区，高强度、规模化的开采加剧了这一扰动，使水岩作用等水化学过程更加剧烈。其背后所蕴含的地下水系统水化学的煤矿开采激发效应，是关系到煤矿安全开采预测预报精度，以及绿色开采地下水环境保护的关键科学问题。鉴于此，以西部榆神矿区曹家滩煤矿为研究实例，利用水文地球化学的原理和方法，从"是什么"、"为什么"和"怎么变"的角度，开展激发效应结果、激发效应过程以及水化学演化趋势 3个方面系统性的研究。结果发现:研究区的地下水可以被分为 5个聚类，聚类 1代表煤矿开采后井田西翼第四系与风化基岩含水层为主的浅层地下水，聚类 2代表开采前后地下水的混合，聚类 3代表开采前的地下水，聚类 4和聚类 5主要代表开采后的延安组地下水;煤矿开采后，直罗组、延安组第 4段和第 5段含水层水样中HCO3-Ca和HCO3-Mg占比上升，井田西翼开采后的浅层地下水水质整体最优，各含水层水质有向好演变的趋势且对煤矿开采的响应不敏感;研究区地下水整体受控于阳离子交替吸附作用，煤矿开采前延安组第 4段及以上含水层地下水受控于碳酸盐岩和硅酸盐岩的溶解作用;煤矿开采后的井田西翼浅层地下水受控于碳酸盐岩的溶解作用，直罗组、延安组第 4段和第 5段含水层地下水主要受控于硅酸盐岩的溶解和FeS2 的氧化作用，延安组第 1～3段含水层地下水主要受控于蒸发盐的溶解作用;煤矿开采加速了地下水的循环速度、加强了含水层间的水力联系，由此产生的稀释作用与矿井水处理后综合利用的措施是延安组第 4段及以上各含水层水化学特征和水质演化的原因;未来应当继续做好矿井水处理后综合利用的工作，并注意直罗组和延安组第 5段地下水特征有向浅层地下水演变的趋势，避免今后的涌水水源结果产生误判。
Hydrogeochemical processes of groundwater system and its mining-motivated effect in mining areas of Western China
The exploitation of coal resources will destroy the aquifer structure,disturb the groundwater system and pro-duce a new water cycle model.As the focus of coal supply and production,the western mining area is short of water re-sources and fragile in ecology.High-intensity and large-scale mining aggravates this disturbance and makes the hydro-chemical process such as water-rock interaction more intense.The coal mining-motivated effect of groundwater system hydrochemistry behind it is a key scientific problem related to the prediction accuracy of coal mine safety mining and the protection of groundwater environment in green mining.In view of this,taking the Caojiatan coal mine in western Yushen mining area as an example,using the principles and methods of hydrogeochemistry,from the perspective of'what it is','why it is'and'how it changes',the results of mining-motivated effect,the process of mining-motivated effect,and the evolution trend of hydrochemistry are systematically studied.The results show that the groundwater in the study area can be divided into five clusters.ClusterⅠrepresents the shallow groundwater dominated by Quaternary and weathered bed-rock aquifers in the west wing of the mine field after coal mining.ClusterⅡrepresents the mixing of groundwater before and after mining.Cluster Ⅲrepresents the groundwater before mining.Cluster Ⅳand Cluster Ⅴmainly represent the groundwater of Yan'an Formation after mining.After coal mining,the proportion of HCO3-Ca and HCO3-Mg in the groundwater samples of the fourth and fifth sections of Zhiluo Formation and Yan'an Formation increased,the shallow groundwater quality after mining in the west wing of the mine field was the best as a whole,and the water quality of each aquifer has a tendency to evolve well and is not sensitive to the response of coal mining.The groundwater in the study area is controlled by the ion exchange,and the groundwater in the fourth and above aquifers of Yan'an Formation before coal mining is controlled by the dissolution of carbonate and silicate rocks.The shallow groundwater in the west wing of the mine field after coal mining is controlled by the dissolution of carbonate rocks.The groundwater in the aquifers of the Zhiluo Formation and the fourth and fifth sections of the Yan'an Formation is mainly controlled by the dissolution of silic-ate rocks and the oxidation of FeS2.The groundwater in the aquifers of the third and lower sections of the Yan'an Forma-tion is mainly controlled by the dissolution of evaporated salt.Coal mining accelerates the circulation speed of groundwa-ter and the hydraulic connection between aquifers.The resulting dilution effect and the discharge measures after mine wa-ter treatment are the reasons for the hydrochemical characteristics and water quality evolution of the aquifers in the fourth section of Yan'an Formation and above.In the future,we should continue to do a good job in the discharge of mine water after treatment,and pay attention to the trend of groundwater characteristics in the fifth section of Zhiluo Formation and Yan'an Formation evolving to shallow groundwater,so as to avoid misjudgment of the results of water inrush sources.

groundwater hydrochemistryself-organizing maps(SOM)entropy-weighted water quality index(EWQI)complex groundwater system in minesYushen mining areaJurassic coalfield

梅傲霜、曾一凡、武强、刘志超、苗彦平、王嗣桐、崔雅帅、魏华铭、任帅锋、杨磊

展开 >

中国矿业大学(北京) 国家煤矿水害防治工程技术研究中心,北京 100083

矿山水害防治国家矿山安全监察局重点实验室,北京 100083

矿业大学(北京)内蒙古研究院,内蒙古鄂尔多斯 017000

鄂尔多斯市国能神东监理有限责任公司,内蒙古鄂尔多斯 017000

陕煤集团神木红柳林矿业有限公司,陕西神木 719300

陕西陕煤曹家滩矿业有限公司,陕西榆林 719000

展开 >

地下水水化学 自组织映射神经网络(SOM) 熵权水质指数(EWQI) 矿山复杂地下水系统 榆神矿区 侏罗纪煤田

国家自然科学基金国家自然科学基金国家自然科学基金

420278014207228442372297

2024

10.13225/j.cnki.jccs.2023.0669

煤炭学报
中国煤炭学会

煤炭学报

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子：3.013
ISSN：0253-9993
年,卷(期)：2024.49(6)
  • 40