Using ESDA(ExPloratory SPatial Data Analysis)method,a City for the unit of analysis,to reveal sPatial Pattern,the characteristics and sPatial connection of Per caPita arable land area of Sichuan Province, through exPloring its transformation from a big agricultural Province to a strong one. Research shows:1)Per caPi-ta arable land area in Sichuan distributing around 0. 039 ~ 0. 05hm2 ,and the three autonomous Prefectures,Aba, Liangshan,Ganzi,are the highest 0. 066hm2 ,0. 073hm2 ,0. 086hm2 . while Chengdu,Ya'an,and Panzhihua are the lowest,resPectively 0. 031hm2 ,0. 035hm2 ,0. 036hm2;2)Ⅰn Sichuan Province,the high(low)Per caPita arable land area tends to be adjacent to the low(high);3)According to the Moran scatter Plot and the LⅠSA gathering diagram,the number in LL and HH quadrant are more than that of HL and LH quadrant,and the signif-icant region is rare,showing the sPatial heterogeneity of Per caPita arable land area distribution,and the distribu-tion of sPatial Pattern is discrete.