The Trajectory of Social and Ideological Changes in Russia's History Textbook Revisions
After the collapse of the former Soviet Union,Russian social ideology has undergone a change from"total westernization"to"re-evaluation of the former USSR".The shift is mainly reflected in the chaos of history education at all levels of Russian schools in the 1990s which was not ended until the revision and publication of history textbooks with a unified national ideology by the Russian government.The transforming trajectory refers to the major phrase from the total negation of the former USSR to the re-evaluation of the Soviet history:first,textbooks affirmed the Bolshevik Party's victory in the October Revolution which demonstrated the necessity of the socialist revolution;second,they pointed out that the 1930s as an important stage in the modemization of the USSR laid the foundation for subsequently defeating fascism and safeguarding national sovereignty and independence;third,it was highlighted that between the 1950s and 1970s,the Soviet Union made significant progress in all aspects of modernization and became one of the two superpowers in the world;and fourth,it was argued that the socialist system of the former Soviet Union was not terminally ill and inevitably doomed although it had serious drawbacks and needed to be reformed,and that Mikhail Gorbachev's reform of total westernization was an important cause of the collapse of the USSR.In view of the changes in the history textbooks revised several times after the collapse of the Soviet Union,the Russian people's understanding of the history of the Soviet Union has been deepening and developing.
NETL
NSTL
万方数据
