Professional self-efficacy is of great significance for rural kindergarten teachers to engage in preschool education,enhance their professional quality and promote their professional self-development.We used the questionnaire method to investigate the professional self-efficacy of rural kindergarten teachers,and the research results showed that there were significant differences between the teachers'personal factors such as age,marital status and fertility status and the professional self-efficacy,while there were significant differences between the teachers'labor relations,teaching time,administrative position and monthly salary in the teaching practice and the professional self-efficacy.Based on this,we put forward to adopt a variety of salary and welfare measures,promote the"tutor system"in kindergartens,strengthen the marriage and childbearing guarantee of female kindergarten teachers,pay attention to individual differences and other measures,in order to improve professional self-efficacy of rural kindergarten teachers.