In the thunderstorm season of 2020,the arrester of the 10 kV distribution line in a certain area has a large-scale burst failure,which has brought great pressure to the operation and maintenance of the power grid.In order to comprehensively analyze the cause of the failure,we made an in-depth analysis from the perspectives of lightning strikes in the region,comparison of the breakdown with normal arresters,diagnostic tests,and theoretical reasoning.Recommendations and Actions.