目的 常态化过程理论(Normalization Process Theory,NPT)是实施研究中常用的理论之一,但较难理解.本文将详细介绍NPT,为研究者理解NPT提供指引.方法 通过检索与NPT理论相关的文献并结合团队实际使用NPT的体验,描述NPT的起源、开发与演变、核心要素解读、运用并讨论其特点.结果 NPT以新技术在日常工作中的嵌入(即常态化)为实施结局,指出这个结局是实施者、实施对象和实施环境相互作用的过程.经过 20余年的演变,NPT最终包含 4个维度和 16个构念.结论 NPT逐步完善,为实施科学提供了重要的理论基础;但NPT比较抽象,且存在逻辑和概念的不足,研究者需要在透彻了解其含义的基础上灵活使用.
Interpretation of Normalization Process Theory—a Theory of Implementation Science
Objective The Normalization Process Theory(NPT)is commonly utilized in implementation research but is often perceived as challenging to understand.This paper aims to offer a detailed introduction to NPT to assist researchers in comprehending its intricacies.Methods A meticulous literature review was conducted,and the findings were integrated with our firsthand experiences of applying NPT in our research.This approach facilitated the illustration of NPT's origin,evolution,components,and a discussion on its distinct attributes.Results NPT takes the embedding of new technology in daily work(i.e.normalization)as the implementation outcome,and that is the interaction between the implementer,the implementation object and the implementation environment.After more than 20 years of evolution,NPT eventually contained 4 domains and 16 constructs.Conclusion NPT has progressively developed and now provides a vital theoretical underpinning for the field of implementation science.Despite its importance,the theory's abstract nature and certain logical and conceptual limitations require that researchers apply it with flexibility and a deep understanding of its principles.
Normalization Process Theory(NPT)implementation scienceimplementation researchevidence-based medicine
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