Can Intelligence Bring Low-carbonization—Spatial Cleaning Spillover and Low-carbon Diffusion on Value Chain
With the continuous development of science and technology,digital technology and artificial intelligence have be-come important development trends in today's world.Industrial robots,as a symbol of artificial intelligence in the context of Industry 4.0,are increasingly penetrating into the industry and bringing huge economic benefits to social development.How-ever,the rapid development of science and technology and economic growth have also brought huge pressure on the environ-ment.The robot policies adopted by most countries generally lack formal environmental assessment.In order to harmoniously coexist between science and technology and nature,it is necessary to correctly assess the impacts caused by the large-scale use of robots.Based on the research ideas of the Internet of Everything,this article is takes geographical space and value chain as the starting point,uses panel data from 26 industries in 30 countries around the world from 1996 to 2018,and com-bines empirical models to study the environmental externalities of industrial robots'horizontal spillover in space and vertical diffusion of value chains,providing a basis for decision-making.Provide policy advice to researchers in formulating a scien-tific and reasonable blueprint for sustainable development.The study finds that the application of robots not only reduces the carbon emission intensity of the industry,but also has a spatial cleaning spillover effect and an upward low-carbon conduction effect in the value chain,effectively reducing the car-bon emission intensity of surrounding areas and upstream industries.However,after the application of robots in upstream in-dustries,it intensifies the carbon emission intensity of downstream industries.The results of the mechanism inspection show that the application of robots in this region promotes the industry's realization of cleaner production by promoting the indus-trial agglomeration of the same industry in surrounding areas.The application of robots in the downstream can improve the level of innovation and competitiveness of the upstream and achieve the low-carbon development of the upstream industry.The application of robots in the upstream may inhibit the expansion of downstream industry scale and improvement of innova-tion capabilities,the downstream industry will fall into the dilemma of"low-end lock-in"and make it difficult to achieve low-carbon transformation.This article examines the positive impact of robot application in reducing carbon emissions,and explores the differences in the emission reduction effect between countries with different levels of digitalization and green development and industries with different factor endowments.The heterogeneous results show that countries with high levels of digital development,ad-vanced clean technologies,and high investment in R&D funds and industries with low pollution and technology-intensive manufacturing industries are better able to receive the space cleaning overflow and upward low-carbon value chain brought by the application of robots.The conduction effect,and no matter how the country and industry grouping are changed,the pol-lution effect of upstream robot application on downstream always exists stably.This study provides evidence from an interna-tional perspective for objectively assessing the impact of robot application on economic low-carbon development.
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