Research on Spatial Vitality Characteristics of Commercial Blocks in Hangzhou and Influencing Factors:An Empirical Study of Hangzhou Hubin Commercial Blocks based on Multi-source Data
In response to China's urban development transformation,the planning and development of commercial blocks have evolved to emphasize both the built environment and spatial vitality.The built environment of commercial blocks is the spatial carrier of their vitality.Therefore,it is necessary to study the relationship between the built environment of commercial blocks and their vitality through more objective,comprehensive,and accurate evidence-based analyses.The factors influencing the vitality of local commercial blocks also need investigation using the new technologies and new methods of the information era,to provide references for the planning and design of commercial blocks and to promote urban social economic development.A case study based on the Hangzhou Hubin Commercial Blocks was performed.The vitality of the commercial blocks was divided into social vitality and economic vitality based on urban quantitative research methods and multi-source refined data.Additionally,the built environment of the commercial blocks was divided into location conditions,traffic organization,spatial morphology,and functional properties.On this basis,a multidimensional index system was built.Indexes influencing the vitality of the commercial blocks in various indexes characteristic of the built environment were identified by multiple sets of multiple linear regression models from the perspectives of blocks and plots.The nature and methods of influence of these indexes on the vitality of the commercial blocks were explored,thus disclosing the internal relationship between the built environmental characteristics of the commercial blocks and their vitality.The study showed the following.1)In the Hangzhou Hubin Commercial Blocks,the comprehensive vitality presented a distribution pattern of"one core and one axis".The region near the Gonglian CC Building was viewed as the core circle,Yan'an Road as the major south-to-north axis,with radiation surrounding it.The vitality of the commercial blocks mainly depended on passenger flow from the subway.2)Divided by the south-to-north axis in the vitality distribution pattern,the concentration of social vitality in the west differed significantly between weekdays and weekends,showing an obvious holiday effect formed by the gathering of consumers or tourists.The social vitality in the east was generally similar on weekdays and weekends,showing a relatively stable daily block vitality formed by diversified social lives.3)Functional density was the primary index influencing comprehensive vitality,with strong positive effects.The distance to the nearest subway entrance and exit,functional mixing degree,and morphological compactness were secondary influencing indexes,which had some negative influences on comprehensive vitality.For the Hangzhou Hubin Commercial Blocks,an increasing degree of functional aggregation and a short distance to subway stations promoted vitality but the high functional mixing degree and morphological compactness of concentrated blocks decreased vitality to some extent.After the Group of Twenty(G20)Summit,the upgrading and transformation of Yan'an Road and the Hubin Pedestrian Zone consolidated and promoted urban vitality in the"one core and one axis"area of the Hangzhou Hubin Commercial Blocks.To alleviate the pressure of the commercial flow and traffic flow caused by the high concentration of people in the"one core and one axis",the Hangzhou Hubin Commercial Blocks need to improve the vitality of secondary commercial axes and radiate to a wider scope of commercial blocks from the axis to the surfaces,thereby improving the overall vitality of the blocks.
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