Characteristics of Ancient Landscape Edification Carriers in the Huizhou West Lake
(Background and Purpose)The Huizhou West Lake is representative of the Lingnan local public landscape garden and an important part of the local human settlement.Edification of individuals is one of the most basic functions of the Huizhou West Lake landscape.Edification of the Huizhou West Lake landscape reflects the relationship of landscape with the practical lives of locals.Such relationship is key to understanding landscape and cultural characteristics of the Huizhou West Lake.(Method)Research on edification of the ancient Huizhou landscape integrates the history of landscape architecture and social history.Based on existing studies concerning landscape and edification,this study used academic principles and theoretical techniques to study social history.The study of social history has shifted its attention from social elites and political history to ordinary individuals and their social lives.It advocates for a"bottom-up"approach to review history and mainly employs historical anthropology methods.This approach requires understanding of events and their significance within a specific cultural context from the perspective of all parties involved.The daily life theory in the study of social history divides society into three basic domains:1)the knowledge and wisdom domain of science,art,philosophy,and other activities;2)the institutional domain of politics,economics,and other public affair activities;3)the daily life domain focused on survival and reproduction activities.Such structure provides a basic framework for the classification and characterization of landscape edification carriers.(Results)Based on the combination of conceptual connotations of landscape and edification,this study concluded that inter-subjective interactions in landscapes was the inherent theoretical connection between landscape architecture history and social history in research on ancient landscape edification.Landscape edification constantly centers on the subject("human being").Physical landscape materials become the edification carrier since they carry interaction activities among subjects.As a characteristic of edification carriers,landscape is the fundamental concern of landscape edification.Based on academic principles and theoretical methods from the study of social history,the ancient landscape edification carriers of the Huizhou West Lake can be divided into three basic types:"natural development objects","social ritual places",and"artistic transmission media".Furthermore,each type of landscape edification carrier of the Ancient Huizhou West Lake were at different stages,and the corresponding elements were reproduced.Finally,the basic features of landscape edification carriers were extracted and elaborated from the subject's perspective(locals),including survival-dominated,politics-edification integration,and form synthesis.Based on the classification of landscape edification carriers of the Huizhou West Lake,the physical landscape elements of nature,society,and art have fundamental relationships with production development,ceremony,artistic,and cultural transmission in the daily lives of the public.Interpreting the characteristics of landscape edification carriers of the Huizhou West Lake based on public perspectives and the relationship between the public and daily significance of the landscape is a supplementation to previous cultural interpretation.Research on the landscape of the Huizhou West Lake mainly emphasizes influences of"major"events and figures.The public are the subjects created by history.Research on social history pays attention to microscopic visions and methods of the daily lives of ordinary individuals,and provides a new theoretical method and practical means to study and understand the cultural characteristics of local public landscape architectures.This study has generated insights into the cultural development and transmission of the Huizhou West Lake and relevant tourist attractions.Landscape edification is not limited to narrow-sense spaces like academia and temples.Natural landscapes and"eight scenic"art text landscape edification carriers play different roles in social edification.These three types of carriers form a complete system.Landscape edification should consider carriers and the relationship between individuals and landscape in daily life.The cultural transmission of tourist attractions may strengthen publicity based on various new forms of media and the organization of field activities based on the daily lives of the public.
history of landscape architectureancient landscapeHuizhou West Lakelandscape edificationdaily lifethe publicsocial history
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