Exploration of Interactive Pathways of"Kuang-Ao"Perceptions and Restorative Effects in the Waterfront Space:An Empirical Study based on the Guilin Shan-Shui City
The waterfront space in Shan-Shui City is an important component of shared ecological resources and its inherent restorative value has attracted ever-growing attention from academic circles.Rooted in Chinese aesthetic traditions,"Shan-Shui"has transcended from a mere geographical form and become a distinct category of artistic aesthetics.It is an important object for Chinese individuals to discover,perceive,and articulate aesthetics.Moreover,the concept of"Kuang-Ao"within Shan-Shui landscapes serves as a vital theoretical and practical foundation for space perception and feeling evaluation in Chinese landscape gardens.Hence,the evaluation of multi-scenario restorative experiences and accurate restorative paths is to disclose differences in restorative effects and internal correlation mechanisms of waterfront spaces in Shan-Shui City under human-land interactions.Guilin is famous for its charming urban environment characterized by"natural Shan-Shui"and it is a representation of Shan-Shui City in China.Based on the restorative environment and the"Kuang-Ao"theory of landscape,a case study was carried out on the landscape style of Guilin Shan-Shui City.Three public waterfront spaces along Ronghu Lake and two banks of Diecaishan within the water system of"two rivers and four lakes"were chosen as sample sites.A two-way ANOVA was carried out to assess the restorative effects of normal and privacy-oriented activities under different Kuang-Ao perception scenarios in waterfront spaces using a multi-dimensional measurement method.This method integrates classical evaluation scales of environmental psychology(perceived restorative scale(PRS)and Brief profile of mood state(BPOMS))and biomarkers(cortisol and testosterone)of contemporary cognitive neurosciences.Results showed that the restorative effect of the"Kuang-Ru"perception was best for cortisol restoration.However,the cortisol levels of privacy-oriented activities was significantly lower than that of normal activities.Additionally,the Kuang-Ao perception and behavioral patterns had significant interactions with cortisol(p=0.008).With regards to testosterone restoration,the testosterone restorative effect of the Kuang-Ao equilibrium perception was superior to other perceptions,while the testosterone level of participants of privacy-oriented activities was also significantly higher than that of participants undergoing normal activities.According to psychological restoration effects,the"Kuang-Ru"perception takes the dominant role in influencing attention recovery of the crowd,while the"Ao-Ru"perception facilitates emotional restoration of the crowd.Moreover,the Kuang-Ao perception and behavioral patterns had significant interactions with attention(P=0.049).Specifically,the interaction paths with significant restorative effect included"Kuang-Ru perception-privacy-oriented activities-cortisol physiological restoration"path(p=0.036),"Kuang-Ru perception-privacy-oriented activities-attention restoration"path(p=0.000),and"Kuang-Ao equilibrium perception-normal activities-cortisol physiological restoration"path(p=0.008).Based on the above analysis,it can be concluded that:1)"natural Shan-Shui"waterfront spaces with a Kuang-Ao perception have positive effects on the restoration of human physical and psychological restorations.2)During restorative environment-behavior interactions,privacy-oriented activities have high restorative experiences and are superior to normal activities in terms of physiological and psychological restoration indexes.3)The restorative effects of"natural Shan-Shui"waterfront spaces interact with their Kuang-Ao feature perceptions and behavioral experience modes.Environmental perceptions and behaviors influence the physical and psychological restoration of individuals.Based on reality restoration perception experiences and the evaluation technology that integrates physical and psychological dimensions,this study reveals the high restorative potentials of privacy-oriented activities and restoration performances of Kuang-Ao perceptions on specific behavioral modes.These results provide references of typology-based element control to create public spaces in modern cities oriented to high-health and with curing qualities.
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据
