The Dilemmas and Solutions to the Construction of the International Hub Seaport under New Globalization:A Case Study Based on Shenzhen Port
A new globalization pattern has been forming gradually under the influences of major events like disaster impacts,geopolitical tensions,and trade conflicts.Hence,China has proposed the concept of New Globalization,which advocates equality and win-win cooperation to better cope with the emerging anti-globalization trend.As an important infrastructure power source for opening up and economic development,ports are central to achieving the new globalization.Shenzhen is a key gateway for China's opening up,and Shenzhen Port is a world-class container hub port.Developing Shenzhen Port as an international hub seaport is a crucial step in building the global oceanic hub city and maritime power,and it has significant importance to developing other ports in China.Considering the current international and domestic shipping trade context and the gaps in existing research on international hub seaports and Shenzhen Port,this study first elaborates on the strategic connotations of international hub seaports from perspectives of their functional positioning and characteristics such as global reach,centrality,and driving force.Moreover,it identifies the construction tasks of international hub seaports from the ports themselves,port-to-port relations,port-city relations,and port-industry relations according to their development trends.Second,it considers the advantages of Shenzhen Port in terms of nature and location,berths and routes,and hinterland and market and highlights the available conditions to develop it as an international shipping hub.Third,it concludes that Shenzhen Port faces three challenges based on the regional perspective according to references to typical international shipping centers:poor traffic transformation mechanism,internal and external competition,and significant shortages of high-end shipping services.1)Shenzhen Port has low sea-rail intermodal efficiency,significant pressure in urban traffic congestion,great conflicts between collection-distribution traffic and urban traffic,and a notable gap between the port's transportation conversion mechanism and its orientation.2)Guangzhou Port and Hong Kong Port have some advantages compared with Shenzhen Port.These three ports are suppressed mutually in terms of resources and market.In the Shenzhen Port,violent negative competition exists between the east and west regions due to poor management.3)The high-end shipping services at Shenzhen Port are highly underdeveloped,which falls far behind international shipping center levels.Finally,countermeasures were proposed to Shenzhen Port from five aspects based on practical conditions and development dilemmas:1)perfect the external shipping network layout.Shenzhen Port shall increase the density and strength of international routes,enhance the new channels linking Southeast Asia with the China-Europe Railway Express via Shenzhen Port,and strengthen cooperation with major international ports such as Singapore.2)Promote the regional combination port model.Shenzhen Port shall combine with other ports to build a combination port system centered on Shenzhen Port and strengthen connections with inland ports to expand regional influence.3)Optimize division of labor among ports in Shenzhen and traffic organizations.Shenzhen Port shall determine the functions of the east and west regions based on the urban economic structure and perfect the collection-distribution network by establishing a high-efficiency"port-rail-road"integrated transportation system.4)Deepen quality and efficiency improvement of shipping services based on modes and supply of high-end shipping services.5)Facilitate the smart and green port transformations of ports.Shenzhen Port should promote the element intelligence of infrastructure and operations as well as digitalization of efficient operations and information integration.It is recommended to facilitate technological innovation,structural upgrading,and management optimization in green ports.Through a comprehensive analysis of the current status and orientation of Shenzhen Port,these recommendations aim to provide deeper insights into the potential and development directions of the port and provide more precise strategies to support its development as an international hub seaport.
international hub seaportShenzhen Portglobal maritime capitalsnew globalization
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