The Modern Spatial Configuration of Lingnan Gardens:A Case Study of Guangfu Garden in Guangzhou Cultural Center
Lingnan region,represented by Guangzhou,is the major distribution area of Lingnan gardens.Influenced by the hot and humid climate in Lingnan region,Lingnan gardens are closely related to nature:they are characteristic of compact overall layouts,flexible spatial structures and lightsome architectural forms,with attention to microclimate regulation.Courtyards are the key units in the spatial layout of Lingnan gardens,where houses,yards,gardens,and corridors are organically combined into courtyard spaces with different scales and forms.On this basis,dual-yard or multi-yard space types are established through series connection,juxtaposition,dislocation,and other layout modes of different courtyard spaces,thus further establishing the hierarchical courtyard space system.Guangfu Garden in the Guangzhou Cultural Center is designed around gardens that focus on exploring the design patterns of garden spaces in modern cultural architecture.Specifically,its overall layout inherits the traditional Lingnan garden pattern of"front courtyard and back garden."There are ordered courtyards in the north,open landscape gardens in the middle,and semi-open modern gardens in the south.Courtyard organization is the core of the whole layout,and the overall design path of courtyard spaces flows from the figure-ground relationship to planning form,unit creation,and then climate adaptation.The courtyard unit spaces in Guangfu Garden use houses,gardens,corridors,and landscapes as the basic elements.There are more than 10 courtyard units with different shapes in Guangfu Garden,which form the courtyard space system around several transition spaces.The organization strategy of courtyard unit spaces is introduced as follows:1)Spatial Composition of Courtyard:Enclosure and InterfacesThe courtyard unit spaces of Guangfu Garden are composed of enclosures and interfaces.It reflects the uniformity of functional demands and spatial contexts through design methods like form control,interface coordination,and landscape organization,showing more than 10 changing morphological features and distinct spatial language from north to south in the garden.2)Spatial Structure of the Garden:Contrast,Hierarchy,and SequenceGuangfu Garden utilizes contrast,hierarchy,and sequence as mechanisms for correlating garden spatial structures.The organization of gardens in the north,middle,and south highlights the order of courtyard spatial structures and exhibits the hierarchy of overall courtyard spatial sequences through the contrasting design of adjacent courtyards,bridging of node courtyards,and rhythmic coordination of continuous courtyards.3)Spatial Landscape of the Garden:Paths and VisionsThe corridors of Guangfu Garden are spread around so tourists can enjoy panoramic,multi-angle,and multi-distance landscape appreciation.Therefore,the landscapes of Guangfu Garden have a three-dimensional and hierarchical sense of foreground,middle ground,and background in different scenes.4)Microenvironment Regulation of the Garden Space:Climate AdaptationA climate adaptive design method for systematic coordination from group layout,structural relationship,architectural form,and landscape configuration is explored for comprehensive micro-environmental control in the courtyard units of Guangfu Garden.It realizes self-shading based on building volumes,eaves,and corridors;guides natural wind through the flexible organization of garden spaces,courtyards,and cool corridors;and provides evaporative cooling by combining trees,shrubs,greenery,and water bodies.Finally,it achieves the comprehensive efficiency of ventilation,heat insulation,shading,and cooling.The architectural construction of Guangfu Garden represents one theoretical reflection and practical exploration of courtyards in modern Lingnan garden architecture.Using the courtyard as the creative center reflects the design strategy for connecting elements and the overall courtyard spatial structure in Guangfu Garden.It has practical significance in inheriting the unique construction text of traditional Lingnan gardens and seeking modern translation methods of Lingnan architecture.
万方数据
