Perioperative protection of parathyroid function is the focus and difficulty of thyroid surgery and also a problem that surgeons must pay attention to.It can be divided into three stages:preoperative management,in-traoperative management,and postoperative management.Preoperative management mainly evaluates thyroid and parathyroid function and timely and effective treatment plan adjustment when functional abnormalities are found.Intraoperative management includes identifying and protecting the parathyroid gland,assessing and protecting para-thyroid blood flow,etc.Postoperative management includes assessment of postoperative parathyroid function,effec-tive treatment,and follow-up.Among them,intraoperative management is the key.Familiarity with the anatomical structure is the basis of parathyroid function protection,and visual recognition is an essential skill.Secondly,rea-sonable selection of surgical methods and application of fine membrane dissection technology can avoid the collater-al damage of energy instruments to the parathyroid gland and nourishing blood vessels,and finally,timely use of au-tologous transplantation technology.Using assistive techniques such as imaging can help accurately locate the para-thyroid gland and assess its blood flow before surgery.Preoperative localization is even more critical for hyperpara-thyroidism due to the non-uniqueness and uncertainty of the location of the diseased glands.The objective of treat-ment is to remove the diseased parathyroid glands and protect normal parathyroid tissue.To standardize the func-tional protection of parathyroid gland during the perioperative period,domestic guidelines and expert consensus have proposed the"1+X"basic principle and the"1+X+1"general strategy of parathyroid gland protection,guiding to help reduce the incidence of parathyroid injury during thyroid surgery.
维普
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