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性别视角下中国不同群体择偶偏好的随机实验研究

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择偶偏好反映了个体对于理想伴侣的期望,明晰人们的择偶偏好对于理解婚姻匹配的过程和结果具有重要意义.基于 2021 年中国综合社会调查所搭载的随机实验模块数据,从性别视角对我国居民的择偶偏好进行考察,比较了择偶偏好的时代变化和群体差异,结果显示:整体而言,我国男性和女性的择偶偏好展现出同中有异的特征;随着出生世代的变化,两性对先赋性条件的偏好保持了较高的稳定性,但是对自致性条件的偏好表现出明显的变化性;自身资源状况对两性择偶偏好具有相对不同的影响,在先赋性资源上有优势的群体,在择偶时并不注重对方是否也具有这样的优势,而在先赋性资源上无优势的群体,尤其是女性,在择偶时却对对方各方面的条件均有相对较高的要求.两性择偶偏好的差异及其变化为当前中国的诸多婚姻现象提供了解释.
A Randomized Experimental Study on Mate Selection Preferences among Different Groups in China from A Gender Perspective
Mate preferences reflect an individual's expectations for their ideal partner,and clarifying people's mate preferences is of great significance for understanding the process and results of marriage matching.Based on the random experimental module data carried out by CGSS 2021,this study examines the mate selection preferences of Chinese residents from a gender perspective,and compares the changes in mate selection preferences over time and group differences.The results show that overall,the mate selection preferences of Chinese men and women exhibit some similarities but some differences too.As the birth cohort changes,the preference of both men and women for ascribed status remains relatively stable,while the preference for achieved status shows significant variability.The status of one's own resources has a relatively different impact on the preferences of both men and women in choosing a spouse,for those with advantages in ascribed resources do not pay attention to whether the mate have the same advantages when choosing a spouse,while those without advantages in ascribed resources,especially women,have relatively high requirements for each other's various conditions when choosing a spouse.The differences and changes in mate preferences between genders provide an explanation for many phenomena of marriage in China today.

GenderMate selection preferencesRandom experiment

郭郡郡、林熠桐

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西华师范大学公共政策研究院,四川 南充 637009

性别 择偶偏好 随机实验

西华师范大学科研创新团队项目

CXTD2020-10

2024

南方人口
中山大学人口研究所

南方人口

CHSSCD
影响因子:1.16
ISSN:1004-1613
年,卷(期):2024.39(4)