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碳纤维复合材料胶铆混合结构拉伸失效研究

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随着复合材料在轨道交通领域的广泛应用,形成了一系列复合材料车体、设备舱等结构,其车体装配方式已由金属焊接方式过渡到铆接、栓接以及混合连接的结构方式,连接的可靠性直接决定车体服役性能.鉴于此,本文制备了青岛1号线车体的典型碳纤维复合材料胶铆混合结构,进行了静载拉伸试验,分析了不同胶铆混合接头的承载能力、失效模式.研究结果表明,胶铆混合连接结构在拉伸载荷下,胶层首先在拉伸引起的偏心载荷下产生微裂纹,沿载荷方向两侧边缘向内部逐步扩展而后失效.胶层大部分失效后,铆钉和板材主要承载,复合材料/金属混合连接结构失效形式为铆钉断裂,而复合材料胶铆混连结构的失效形式表现为复合材料分层、纤维断裂、基体开裂的渐进破坏及铆钉拉脱.
Study on the tensile failure of carbon fiber composite adhesive riveting mixed structure
With the wide application of composite materials in the field of rail transit,a series of composite car body,equipment cabin and other structures have been formed.The assembly mode of car body has been trans-formed from metal welding mode to riveting,bolting and mixed connection mode,and the reliability of connection di-rectly determines the service performance of the car body.In view of this,a typical carbon fiber composite glue-riv-eting hybrid structure of Qingdao Line 1 car body was prepared,and a static load tensile test was carried out to ana-lyze the bearing capacity and failure mode of different adhesive-riveting hybrid joints.The results showed that un-der the tensile load,the adhesive layer first produced microcracks under the eccentric load caused by tensile load,and then gradually expanded inward along the edges of both sides of the load direction and then failed.After the fail-ure of the most adhesive layer,the rivet and plate were mainly load-bearing.The failure form of the composite mate-rial/metal mixed connection structure was rivet fracture,while the failure form of the composite adhesive riveting joint structure was the progressive failure of composite material,fiber fracture,matrix cracking and rivet pulling.

carbon fiber compositeadhesive riveting mixed structuretensile loadadhesive failure

王鹏、胡亮、李刚卿、沈鹤飞、韩晓辉

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中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司,山东 青岛 266111

青岛中集特种冷藏设备有限公司,山东 青岛 266555

碳纤维复合材料 胶铆混合结构 拉伸载荷 胶层失效

2025

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湖北省襄樊市胶粘技术研究所

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影响因子:0.364
ISSN:1001-5922
年,卷(期):2025.52(1)