摘要
20世纪以来,西方学者或是站在唯心主义立场,或是站在资产阶级立场,鼓吹共产主义是乌托邦、当前资本主义的新发展意味着"两个必然"理论已经过时、资本主义是人类历史的终点等,形成了所谓的共产主义乌托邦论、共产主义过时论、共产主义终结论三大诘难.揆诸理论与事实可知,共产主义思想始终扎根于物质的经济的事实并从现实的人出发,并非抽空人性的乌托邦;当前资本主义社会的基本矛盾依然存在,"两个必然"理论并未过时;国际共产主义理论与实践正呈蓬勃发展之势,共产主义并未终结.
Abstract
Since the 20th century,Western scholars,whether from an idealist standpoint or a bour-geois perspective,have propagated that communism is a utopia,that the new developments in con-temporary capitalism render the theory of the"Two Inevitabilities"outdated,and that capitalism is it-self the End of History.These claims constitute the so-called three major challenges:the Commu-nism Utopia,the Obsolete Communism,and the End of Communism.However,both theory and facts reveal that communism has always been rooted in material economic realities and starts from the real conditions of human beings,rather than being an abstract utopia detached from human nature.The fundamental contradictions of contemporary capitalist society still exist,and the theory of the"Two In-evitabilities"remains relevant.Additionally,international communism,in both theory and practice,is currently thriving,indicating that communism has by no means ended.
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