新技术时代版权法"通知-删除"之实质审查机制
Substantive Review-Based"Notice-and-Takedown"Mechanism of Copyright Law in the New Technological Age
郑金涛1
作者信息
摘要
现行版权法的通知-删除规则诞生于本世纪之初,其要求网络服务商对侵权通知作形式审查后应当立即采取删除措施,具有高度程式化的特征.随着互联网进入新技术时代,用户实现从大众传播到大众创作的角色蜕变,版权人施行从依赖法律到依赖算法的策略升级,网络服务商完成从稚嫩弱小到发展壮大的面貌转换,这些共同导致现行通知-删除规则无法继续平衡三方利益,尤其不利于用户表达权益的保护.为保护网络用户的表达权益、提高网络盗版的治理效率以及协调相关的法律规则体系,有必要引入基于实质审查的通知-删除规则.网络服务商是否尽到合理的实质审查义务,应依据理性人标准而非侵权可能性标准予以判断,且不同类型的网络服务商应承担不同程度的实质审查义务.鉴于实质审查给网络服务商留下自由裁量空间,应当要求其遵循程序均衡、程序透明和程序便捷等基本法律程序规范,以防止权力滥用.
Abstract
Coming into being at the turn of this century,the notice-and-takedown rule of the current Copyright Law requires online service providers(ISPs)to conduct formal review of the infringement notice and remove accused user generated contents immediately,which is characteristic of high formalization.As the Internet develops in the new technological age,the role of users has changed from being of mass communication to mass creation,copyright owners have turned to resort resorting to alogrithm from resorting to law and ISPs have developed and expanded.However,these damages have together made the current highly formalized notice-and-takedown rule no longer able to properly balance the interests of the three parties,especially unfavorable to users'expression rights and interests.It is necessary to introduce the substantive review-based notice-and-takedown rule in order to protect expression freedom of online users,improve the efficiency of online piracy governance,and coordinate the relevant legal rule systems.Whether ISPs properly performs its duty of substantive review or not should be judged according to the reasonable person standard,rather than the infringement possibility standard,and different types of ISPs should be subject to different levels of substantive review duty.Since substantive review leaves room for discretion for ISPs,they should be required to obey basic legal procedural norms,including procedural balance,procedural transparency and procedural convenience,so as to prevent the abuse of power.
关键词
版权侵权/通知-删除/实质审查/理性人标准/程序规范Key words
Copyright Infringement/Notice-and-Takedown/Substantive Review/Reasonable Person Standard/Procedural Regulation引用本文复制引用
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据