二阶论证何以解疑难案件裁判之困?
How Can Two-level Argument Solve the Difficulties of Deciding Hard Cases?
肖毅1
作者信息
摘要
疑难案件是存在法律争议的案件,具体呈现为规范模糊、规范冲突、规范缺失和规范适用不正义等典型样态.裁判疑难案件的关键在于解决上述的法律争议,为司法三段论证立可靠的裁判规则.这在法律论证上呈现出二阶构造,第一阶段证立裁判规则,第二阶段适用裁判规则、证立裁判结论.因此,二阶论证能够破解疑难案件的裁判困境.它以合秩序裁判为理论基础,强调法官可以背离个别法律规则,但不能逾越法的框架秩序;在外部证成中依据丰富的论证渊源、运用多元的论证方法、遵循可废止性的论证程序,证立裁判规则、要件化案件事实;在内部证成中以裁判规则为大前提、以要件事实为小前提,经由环环相扣的复杂演绎证立裁判结论.
Abstract
Hard cases are cases with legal disputes,which are characterized by typical patterns including norm ambiguity,norm conflict,norm absence and norm application injustice.The key of deciding hard cases is to solve the above legal disputes and establish reliable rules of adjudication for the judicial subsumption.This presents a two-level construction in legal argumentation,with the first level justifying the rules of adjudication,and the second level applying the rules of adjudication and justifying the conclusions of decisions.Therefore,the two-level argument can solve the adjudication dilemma of hard cases.It is based on the theory of judgment in accord with the law order,emphasizing that the judge can deviate from the rules of law,but can not overstep the framework of the law order.In the external justification,it is based on many sources of argumentation,pluralistic methods of argumentation and the defeasible argumentation process,to establish the rules of adjudication and the facts of the elements.In the internal justification,it takes the rules of adjudication and the elemental facts as premises,to justify the conclusions of decisions through complex deduction.
关键词
疑难案件/二阶论证/合秩序裁判/内部证成/外部证成Key words
Hard Cases/Two-level Argument/Judgment in Accord with the Law Order/Internal Justification/External Justification引用本文复制引用
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据