摘要
二氧化锡(SnO2)是一种直接带隙的本征半导体材料,常温下的体带隙约为3.6 eV,具有化学和热稳定性好、电子迁移率高、透光性好、成本低和无毒且环境友好等优点,被广泛应用于气敏传感器、催化材料、电极材料、光电材料及太阳能电池中.针对兼容水和油分散性的SnO2的应用需求与现有SnO2商品只能分散于水的矛盾,开发了一种溶剂热结晶的方法,成功制备了兼容水和油分散性的SnO2量子点(SnO2 quantum dots,SnO2 QDs),通过调控溶剂热结晶时间(0～24h),获得晶粒尺寸、能隙、(110)晶面占比分别在2.12～4.16 nm,3.72～4.15 eV和12.6％～43.3％可调的不同结晶质量的SnO2 QDs.所得量子点可应需要来稳定分散于水、乙醇、乙酸乙酯等多种水或油性溶剂中,形成可长期在室温下储存的黄色澄清的SnO2 QDs分散溶液.
Abstract
Tin dioxide(SnO2)is an intrinsic semiconductor material with direct band gap of about 3.6 eV at room temperature.Because of the advantages of good chemical and thermal stability,high electron mobility and light transmittance,low cost,non-toxicity and environmental friendliness,SnO2 has been widely used in gas sensors,catalytic materials,electrode materials,photoelectric materials and solar cells.Aimed at the contradiction between the application requirement of SnO2 dispersible in both water and oil and commercial SnO2 dispersible only in water,a solvothermal crystallization method was developed to successfully prepare the SnO2 quantum dots(SnO2 QDs)dispersible in both water and oil solvents.By adjusting the solvothermal crystallization time(0～24 h),the crystal size,energy gap,and ratio of(110)plane of the obtained SnO2 QDs were modified in the ranges of 2.12～4.16 nm,3.72～4.15 eV and 12.6％～43.3％,respectively.The crystalline SnO2 QDs can be well dispersed in water,ethanol,ethyl acetate and other water or oily solvents as need ed,to form a yellow transparent solution,which is long-term stable at room temperature.
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