摘要
交互主体性问题是胡塞尔现象学中的核心问题之一.在《笛卡尔式的沉思》第五沉思中,胡塞尔通过原初还原、本己性领域、他人构造等步骤提出了一个详细的交互主体性的构造方案.然而该方案面临着以下问题:唯我论的嫌疑、本己性领域的模糊划分以及躯体化与他人构造的循环论证.通过对第五沉思中原自我的本质结构及其与原始时间化关联的发生现象学的考察,可以发现本己性领域包含两个层次的内容:即原真自然与原自我的层次,并且原自我自身就是交互主体性构造中施行原始建基作用的终极基底.在对他人的躯体化构造之前,自我与他人已然在由作为发生源泉的原自我所构造的共同的原始时间化的形式中进行了一种本源的结对,该方案的问题因此得到了进一步的澄清.
Abstract
The issue of intersubjectivity is one of the central concerns in Husserl's phenomenology.In the Fifth Meditation of the Cartesian Meditation,Husserl proposes a detailed construction scheme of intersubjec-tivity through steps such as primordial reduction,the sphere of ownness,and the constitution of the other.However,this scheme faces several challenges,including the suspicion of solipsism,the ambiguous demar-cation of the sphere of ownness,and the circular reasoning in the somatization and the construction of the other.Through a genetic phenomenological investigation of the essential structure of the primal ego in the Fifth Meditation and its connection to the primal temporalization,it becomes evident that the sphere of own-ness encompasses two levels:the primordial nature and the level of the primal ego.Moreover,the primal ego itself serves as the ultimate foundation that performs the primordial grounding function in the construction of intersubjectivity.Prior to the somatization and construction of the other,the self and the other are already en-gaged in an primordial pairing within the form of shared primal temporalization,which is constituted by the primal ego as the source of genesis.The issues in Husserl's scheme are thus further clarified.
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