基于气流运送的榛子收获机设计与试验
Design and Testing of a Hazelnut Harvester Based on Airflow Delivery
时延鑫 1王东伟 1牟波 2何晓宁 1尚书旗 1纪瑞琪 1朱浩 1鞠鑫林1
作者信息
- 1. 青岛农业大学 机电工程学院,山东 青岛 266109
- 2. 青岛市农业技术推广中心,山东 青岛 266071
- 折叠
摘要
榛子多种植于丘陵山区,受地形影响大型收获机械难以在果树间工作,故成熟期落地榛子多由人工进行捡拾,工作效率低、成本高,制约了我国榛子产业的健康发展.针对这一问题,设计了一种基于气流运送的榛子收获机.该机采用气力式捡拾,通过气送管道将榛子吸入到气吸沉降室内,经喂入滚筒送入脱苞、筛分滚筒进行榛子脱苞和脱苞后的物料筛分,再经清选舱装置进行杂质清选,完成落地榛子的收获.通过田间试验研究风机转速、气送管道移动速度和筛分滚筒转速对榛子收获捡拾率和含杂率的影响,结果表明:在风机转速 3 500 r/min、筛分滚筒转速 30 r/min和气送管道移动速度0.6 m/s下,收获质量最佳.
Abstract
At present,hazelnuts are mostly planted in the hilly mountainous areas,affected by the terrain is difficult to achieve large harvesting machinery to work among the fruit trees,the mature fallen hazelnuts are mostly picked up by hand,the efficiency is low,the cost is high,which restricts the healthy development of China's hazelnut industry.For this problem,a hazelnut harvester based on airflow delivery had been designed.The machine used pneumatic pick-up,suction of hazelnuts into the air-absorbing settling chamber through the air supply duct,feeding drum to deflowering and screening drum for hazelnut deflowering and screening of the deflowered material,the harvesting of the fallen hazelnuts was finally completed by impurity removal in the scavenging chamber unit.A field experiment was conducted to study the effect of fan speed,air feed pipe movement speed and sieving drum speed on the picking rate and trash content of hazel-nut harvest.The results showed that:the best harvest quality was achieved at a fan speed of 3 500 r/min,a sieving drum speed of 30 r/min and an air-fed pipe movement speed of 0.6 m/s.
关键词
收获机/气流运送/脱苞/筛分/清选/榛子Key words
harvester/air transport/deflower/screening/clean/hazelnut引用本文复制引用
出版年
2025
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据