固体颗粒撒施无人机槽轮结构优化设计与试验
Structural Optimization Design and Test of Groove Wheel Apparatus for Solid Particle Spreading UAV
韩玉宝 1姬江涛 2张瑞瑞 3张林焕 3贺智涛 2陈立平 3伊铜川 3吴明齐 3高亮亮4
作者信息
- 1. 河南科技大学 农业装备工程学院,河南 洛阳 471003;北京市农林科学院智能装备技术研究中心,北京 100097
- 2. 河南科技大学 农业装备工程学院,河南 洛阳 471003
- 3. 北京市农林科学院智能装备技术研究中心,北京 100097
- 4. 农芯(南京)智慧农业研究院有限公司,南京 211800
- 折叠
摘要
针对现有槽轮式排肥器存在低转速下脉动性强,难以满足无人机稳定变量施肥作业需求的问题,开展了排肥器关键部件参数的优化设计与研究,设计了 9 种不同凹槽形状和螺旋升角的排肥槽轮.同时,采用离散元方法仿真测试了各槽轮在低转速下排量范围和排肥时的稳定性,并开展了因素之间的交互作用判别试验和正交试验.试验结果显示:槽轮截面形状与螺旋升角之间存在交互作用,槽轮转速和螺旋升角对排肥脉动幅度的影响显著.最终,确定最佳槽轮结构参数组合:槽轮凹槽形状为偏心槽型,螺旋升角为 60°.室内台架试验结果表明:槽轮转速和施肥速率具有较高的线性度,槽轮的截面形状和槽轮螺旋升角对不同转速下的排肥速率的影响均显著,相比台架试验和仿真试验测量的平均施肥速率,平均相对偏差为 5.32%;在优化参数下,不同转速槽轮的排肥速率变异系数均小于 1.20%,满足了无人机施肥的要求.
Abstract
Aiming to solve problem of unstable fertilizing performance caused by high pulsation of groove wheel type fer-tilizer apparatus at low speed,to meet with stabilize and variable rate fertilizer discharging requirements of unmanned aer-ial vehicle(UAV).The optimization design and research of key component parameters of fertilizer apparatus were carried out,and nine kinds of groove shapes and spiral angle of fertilizing groove wheel were designed and compared.Discrete el-ement method(DEM)was used to simulate fertilizing range and stability of fertilizer discharge for each groove wheels.Interactive test and orthogonal test were conducted,and interaction between the section shape and helix angle of the groove wheel was clarified.Results of the orthogonal test showed that the rotation speed and the helix angle of the groove wheel significantly influence to the fertilizing stability.Finally,optimized combination of the structural parameters for the groove section shape and helix angle were determined as eccentric type and 60 degrees,respectively.To verify correct-ness of simulation and the stability of fertilizing performance,bench test was designed and conducted.The results showed that the groove wheel rotation speed and fertilizing rate had a high linearity,compared with the average fertilizing rate measured by bench test and simulation test,and the average relative deviation was 5.32%.Also,the section shape of the groove wheel and the helix angle of the groove showed significant effects on the fertilizing rate variation coefficient,and the fertilizing rate variation coefficient at different rotation speeds was all less than 1.20%for groove wheels under the optimized parameters,satisfied with requirements of UAV-based fertilization.
关键词
无人机/追肥/排肥器/槽轮参数/优化设计Key words
unmanned aerial vehicle/topdressing/fertilizer apparatus/groove wheel parameters/optimal design引用本文复制引用
出版年
2025
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据