首页|基于摆锤法的成熟期油菜角果炸荚因素试验分析

基于摆锤法的成熟期油菜角果炸荚因素试验分析

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为了降低油菜联合收割机拨禾轮拨禾过程对角果打击造成的炸荚损失,采用摆锤法模拟拨禾轮拨禾对油菜角果冲击过程,对影响拨禾过程中的炸荚因素进行测试分析,并对角果损伤变化形式及过程进行分析。试验结果表明:摆锤冲击速度 3。5 m/s、夹持果柄位置距连接点 2mm是区分角果抗打击炸荚的最优参数;油菜角果炸荚不仅与冲击速度、果柄夹持位置有关,而且与油菜品种、冲击件材料类型、角果受力面、含水率、角果在植株上的分布位置等都有关系;冲击速度不超过1。5 m/s时,角果损伤以角果果柄发生塑性变形为主;冲击速度为2。5~4。5 m/s时,角果损伤以果皮破裂分离、果柄弹性变形为主。研究结果可为油菜拨禾轮设计和工作参数选择提供参考。
Experimental Analysis of Pod Blasting Factors of Rapeseed Pods at Mature Stage Based on Pendulum Method
In order to reduce the pod-blasting caused by the pod-blowing process of the rape combine harvester,the pen-dulum method was used to simulate the pod-blowing process of the rape combine harvester.The factors affecting the pod-blowing process were tested and analyzed,and the changes and processes of pod damage were analyzed.The test results show that the impact velocity of the pendulum is 3.5 m/s,and the position of the clamping fruit stem is 2 mm from the connection point,which is the optimal parameter to distinguish the resistance of the pod to the impact.The pod frying of rape pods is not only related to the impact speed and the clamping position of the fruit stalk,but also to the rape variety,the material type of the impact piece,the stress surface of the pod,the moisture content,and the distribution position of the pod on the plant.When the impact velocity is not more than 1.5 m/s,the pod damage is mainly caused by the plastic deformation of the pod stalk.When the impact velocity is between 2.5 m/s and 4.5 m/s,the pod damage is mainly caused by the rupture and separation of the peel and the elastic deformation of the fruit stalk.This study can provide reference for the design and working parameter selection of the rape reel.

rapeseed podspod frying rateimpactharvesting wheelpendulum method

李港、张敏、魏德欣、江东

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农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所,南京 210014

油菜角果 炸荚率 冲击 拨禾轮 摆锤法

2025

农机化研究
黑龙江省农业机械工程科学研究院 黑龙江省农业机械学会

农机化研究

北大核心
影响因子:0.668
ISSN:1003-188X
年,卷(期):2025.47(4)