This paper presents the operation and evaluation outcomes of the"Sciences of Meteorology with Arti-ficial-Intelligence in Research and Technology-Weather Forecast Demonstration Project for Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic and Paralympic Games,SMART2022-FDP"(referred to as FDP).The FDP marks the inaugural 0-10 d forecast demonstration project for winter weather in the mid-latitude mountains of China,involving 22 meteoro-logical departments and institutions and with nearly 40 numerical models or objective forecasting systems partici-pating.The FDP has effectively managed the transmission,distribution,monitoring,and real-time pre-processing of multi-source observations and output data products crucial for supporting real-time operations during the Games.Moreover,it has showcased real-time demonstration applications of innovative technologies such as sub-hundred-meter resolution forecasting and artificial intelligence-based forecasting in the complex mountainous competition venues.These efforts have resulted in the delivery of diverse and stable high-precision forecast products to the forecaster teams across the three Winter Olympics and Paralympics Divisions and various meteorological offices,thereby effectively supporting the provision of high-standard meteorological services for the games.A comprehen-sive evaluation of FDP products was conducted,revealing that specialized site post-processing forecasts exhibited significantly smaller forecast errors for meteorological elements such as average wind,gusts,temperature,and rela-tive humidity compared to the original model forecasts.However,further improvements are needed in high-resolu-tion numerical models and objective forecasting systems,particularly for precipitation and visibility forecasts.Ad-ditionally,the forecasting skill of site post-processing techniques was found to be less pronounced in the complex mountainous terrain during the winter.The optimal forecast verification indicators(minimum error values)for wind,temperature,precipitation,visibility,and relative humidity in FDP collectively underscore the existing capa-bilities of objective winter weather forecasting in mid-latitude,complex mountainous regions in China,offering valuable insights for addressing current challenges and enhancing high-resolution winter weather forecasts in such terrain.
Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic and Paralympic GamesWeather Forecast Demonstration ProjectSMART2022-FDPverification and evaluation
万方数据
维普
