Clinical study of timolol maleate ophthalmic solution for the prevention of refractive regression after SMILE for high myopia
Objective:To study timolol maleate ophthalmic solution in preventing refractive regression after high myopia femtosecond laser small incision lenticule extraction(SMILE).Methods:A total of 76 patients(134 eyes)with high myopia who underwent SMILE surgery in the ophthalmology department of our hospital from November 2022 to July 2023 were selected for inclusion in the study.The patients were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group.Patients in both groups were given conventional eye drops for post-operative treatment.However,the observation group was given some timolol maleate eye drops on the first day after surgery,twice a day,for one month.Before surgery,uncorrected visual acuity,intraocular pressure,spherical equivalent,axial length,and central vision were collected for both groups of patients.Central corneal thickness,and corneal surface curvature K1,K2.uncorrected visual acuity,intraocular pressure,SE,axial length,central corneal thickness and corneal surface curvature K1,K2 were collected at 1 week,1 months,3 months,and 6 months after surgery.Results:There was a statistically significant difference in uncorrected visual acuity between the two groups of pa-tients 6 months after surgery(1.10±0.16 vs.1.21±0.27,P＜0.05).The uncorrected visual acuity of the obser-vation group was better than that of the control group.The difference between the uncorrected visual acuity at 6 months after surgery and 1 week after surgery in the control group was statistically significant:the uncorrected visual acuity at 6 months after surgery was lower than that at 1 week after surgery(P＜0.05).There were statistically sig-nificant differences in spherical equivalent between the two groups of patients 3 months and 6 months after surgery[(-0.16±0.50)D vs.(+0.06±0.38)D,P＜0.05;(-0.35±0.52)D vs.(-0.04±0.40)D,P＜0.05]:spherical equivalent of the observation group was better than that of the control group.The difference in spherical equivalent between the two groups of patients at 6 months after surgery and 1 week after surgery was statis-tically significant:spherical equivalent at 6 months after surgery was retreated compared with 1 week after surgery(P＜0.05).The difference in intraocular pressure between the two groups of patients was statistically significant 1 week and 1 month after surgery(P＜0.05):the intraocular pressure of the observation group was lower than that of the control group.There were no significant differences in the corneal surface curvature K1,K2,central corneal thickness and axial length of the two groups of patients at different time points after surgery(P＞0.05).The differ-ence between the central corneal thickness of the two groups of patients at 1 month,3 months,and 6 months after surgery and 1 week after surgery was statistically significant:the central corneal thickness of both groups of patients showed gradual thickening at 1 month,3 months,and 6 months after surgery(P＜0.05).Conclusion:The appli-cation of timolol maleate eye solution in patients with high myopia after SMILE effectively inhibits the generation of aqueous humor and reduces intraocular pressure,makes the cornea heal in a stable state,prevents the corneal sur-face from moving forward,and then has the effect of preventing refractive regression.
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