An Empirical Study on the Influence of Speed and Rhythm on the Performance of High Level 400-meter Individual Medley Athletes
Speed rhythm is the characteristic of speed change in the 400-meter individual medley competition,and it is the key factor that restricts the performance of high-level 400-meter individual medley athletes.Objective:To investigate the effects of speed and rhythm on the performance of high-level 400 meter individual medley athletes,and to determine the speed and rhythm differences of high-level 400 meter individual medley athletes in the world championships with gender and competitive ability as the categorical variables.How:Based on the results of athletes participating in the 400-meter individual medley(2012-2023 season),male and female athletes were divided into medal group and non-medal group according to the results.Independent sample T test,correlation analysis and regression analysis were used to study the relationship among the performance,speed and speed coefficient of 400 meter individual medley swimmers.Results:(1)The speed rhythm of 400 m individual medley was U-shaped curve track(high at both ends,low in the middle),that is,active acceleration strategy was adopted.Among them,the sixth section is the lowest point,the first and eighth sections are the highest point,and the fourth sec-tion is a small acceleration phenomenon.(2)The sectional speed and speed coefficient of the male medal group were significantly different from those of the non-medal group and the female group(P＜0.05),and there were significant differences between the female medal group and the non-medal group(P＜0.05).The advanced 400 m individual medley swimmers are accelerated in subsections 1,2,7 and 8(but-terfly and freestyle)and slowed down in sections 2 to 6(backstroke and breaststroke).(3)Subsections 1 to 7 were significantly positively correlated with the total scores of male athletes(P＜0.05),the second subsection had the strongest correlation(R=0.779),followed by the third subsection(R=0.701),and the third subsection 3 to 8 had a significant positive correlation with the total scores of female athletes(P＜0.05),and the seventh subsection had the strongest correlation(R=0.828).The fourth segment is followed by R=0.676,and all of them fit the equation.Conclusion:"U"swimming rhythm is the common rhythm used by 400 meter individual medley athletes(butterfly and free-style stage is accelerated swim,backstroke and breaststroke stage is decelerated swim).The speed rhythm distribution strategy and competi-tive ability of the fourth,sixth and third sections are the key to winning the 400 meter individual medley competition.On the basis of impro-ving the absolute speed and reasonable distribution of physical strength,athletes should focus on improving the four swimming techniques,speed endurance and explosive power to ensure the optimal use of the energy system of each segment in the competition.
speed and rhythm400 m individual medley swimmergendercompetitive abilitydiscrepancy
万方数据
