首页|体适能干预程度对学龄前儿童身体素质差异性特征影响的研究

体适能干预程度对学龄前儿童身体素质差异性特征影响的研究

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目的:通过15 周体适能干预,探究体适能干预对5~6 岁学龄前儿童的身体素质差异性特征的影响.方法:招募广州2 所试点幼儿园280 名5~6 岁学龄前儿童随机分为实验组与对照组.实验组进行15 周体适能(3days/week,40min/day),体适能干预包括热身运动、伸展运动、体适能游戏运动、放松拉伸运动4 部分构成.体适能干预前7 周以中低等运动强度体适能游戏为主,后8 周以中高等运动强度体适能运动为主.在干预前、干预3 周、6 周、9 周、12 周及15 周后对两组受试者的身体素质指标进行测试,运用SPSS26.0 软件对数据进行分析.结果:(1)实验组与对照组组间差异显示,实验干预对5~6 岁学龄前儿童身体素质具有显著促进作用,后8 周中高等运动强度体适能运动干预能够进一步提升影响身体素质的主要指标.(2)实验组组内差异显示,5~6 岁学龄前男性身体素质总分提升较快,5~6 岁学龄前男性、女性各自的劣势身体素质指标均得到提升.结论:体适能干预是有效提高5~6 岁学龄前儿童身体素质的有效方式,改善效应呈时间依赖性递增关系,在实施运动干预时应把握中低等运动强度体适能游戏与中高等运动强度体适能运动干预的阶段时间比重.
Effects of Differences of Physical Fitness on Physical Fitness Exercise Intervention in Preschool Children
The objective was to investigate the effects of 15-week physical fitness exercise on the differences of physical fitness of preschool children aged 5~6 years.280 preschool children aged 5~6 years from two pilot kindergartens in Guangzhou were recruited and randomly assigned to experimental and control group.Experimental group aerobic 15-week physical fitness exercise(3days/week,40min/day).The physical fitness exercise intervention consisted of four parts:warm-up exercise,stretching exercise,physical fitness game exercise,and re-laxation stretching exercise.The physical fitness exercise intervention were mainly focused on low to moderate physical intensity fitness games in the first 7-week.The last 8-week were mainly focused on moderate to high intensity physical fitness exercises.The physical fit-ness indicators of two groups of subjects were tested before exercise,3weeks,6weeks,9weeks,12weeks,and 15 weeks after exercise.To ana-lyze the data,SPSS 26.0 software were used.Results showed that low to moderate intensity physical fitness exercise had a significant promo-ting effect on the physical fitness of preschool children aged 5~6 years.The last 8 weeks moderate to high intensity exercise could further improve the main factor indicators affecting physical fitness.The total physical fitness score of males before the age of 5~6 improved rapid-ly.It could be concluded that low to medium intensity physical fitness exercise intervention is an effective way to improve the physical fitness of preschool children.The improvement effect shows a time-dependent increasing relationship.It is necessary to grasp the phase time ratio of low to moderate physical intensity physical fitness games and moderate to high intensity physical fitness exercise intervention.

interventionphysical fitness exercisephysical healthpreschool childrensuperior abilityinferior abilitydifferent characteris-tics

张可冬

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广东省体育科学研究所,广东广州 510000

干预程度 体适能运动 身体素质 学龄前儿童 优势能力 劣势能力 差异性特征

2024

南京体育学院学报
南京体育学院

南京体育学院学报

影响因子:0.437
ISSN:2096-5648
年,卷(期):2024.23(10)