目前,文本分类的研究主要集中在通过优化文本分类器来增强分类性能.然而,标签和文本之间的联系并没有得到很好的利用.尽管BERT对文本特征的处理表现出了非常好的效果,但对文本和标签的特征提取还有一定的提升空间.文中通过结合标签混淆模型(Label Confusion Model,LCM),提出一种基于 BERT 和 LCM 的文本分类模型(Model Based on BERT and Label Confusion,BLC),对文本和标签的特征进一步做了处理.充分利用BERT每一层的句向量和最后一层的词向量,结合双向长短时记忆网络(Bi-LSTM)得到文本表示,来替代BERT原始的文本特征表示.标签在进入LCM之前,使用自注意力网络和Bi-LSTM提高标签之间相互依赖关系,从而提高最终的分类性能.在4 个文本分类基准数据集上的实验结果证明了所提模型的有效性.
Text classification model based on BERT and label confusion
Presently,the predominant focus of research in text classification lies in the optimization of classifiers to enhance classification performance.However,the potential of effectively leveraging the connection between labels and text needs to be fulfilled.Since BERT has demonstrated excellent performance in handling text features,there is still room for improvement in extracting features from both the text and labels.This paper proposes a text classification model,called BLC,a model based on BERT and label confusion,by incorporating a label confusion model(LCM).The BLC model further enhances the feature extraction from both the text and labels.By fully leveraging the sentence vectors from each layer of BERT and the word vectors from the last layer,as well as combined with a bidirectional long short-term memory(Bi-LSTM)network,the text representation is obtained to replace the original text feature representation of BERT.Before being input into the LCM,the labels are enhanced by utilizing self-attention networks and Bi-LSTM to capture the interdependencies among them.As a result,this approach enhances the overall classification performance.The experimental results on four benchmark text classification datasets confirm the effectiveness of the proposed model.
text classificationBERTlabel confusion model(LCM)bidirectional long short-term memory(Bi-LSTM)self-attention network
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