From Initiation of Technological Breakthrough to Mar-ket Application:Research on the Mechanism of Alterna-tive Innovation Process for Key Core Technologies
As a crucial national asset,key core technologies play an important strategic role in promoting high-quality economic devel-opment and ensuring social security in China.However,due to the impact of trade protectionism and the wave of anti globalization,some key core technologies in China are still structurally blocked by developed countries,and the"bottleneck"problem remains prominent.In fact,breakthroughs in key core technologies are a complex and long-term investment process.From the initiation of research and development to market application,their innovative behavior exhibits dynamic,collaborative,and discontinuous charac-teristics of a complex innovation system,which requires enhancing the overall vitality and effectiveness of the technological innovation system.Driven by national strategies and their own needs,many enterprises have begun to pay attention to key core technologies in their industrial chains,achieving innovative breakthroughs in fields such as CNC machine tools,artificial intelligence,and manned spaceflight,and creating a series of cutting-edge and disruptive major scientific and technological achievements.However,due to improper early planning and a lack of clear business models,it is difficult for enterprises to successfully bring key core technologies to the market,resulting in the failure of technology commercial-ization.Key core technologies often involve high-risk,high invest-ment,and long-term research and application processes,requiring scientific innovation management mechanisms to ensure effective research,transformation,and marketization of the technology.From the perspective of the entire lifecycle of enterprise techno-logical growth,technology initiation,technological breakthroughs,technological transformation,and technological marketization constitute the basic links of key core technological breakthroughs.Due to their complexity,the duration of these breakthroughs is of-ten longer than that of general technological breakthroughs,which puts higher demands on the innovation management mechanism of key core technologies.However,existing research only focuses on the conceptual connotations,obstacles,and strategic measures of key core technology breakthroughs,as well as the strategic changes and practical situations of market applications,ignoring the two key stages of key core technology initiation and transformation,and failing to clearly present the entire process of innovative measures for key core technology from breakthrough initiation to market application.At the same time,the essence of key core technology innovation management is technology innovation management,but traditional technology innovation management is limited to lin-ear local thinking patterns and difficult to adapt to the systematic characteristics of key core technology innovation management.In fact,from the initiation of research and development to market application,the innovation activities of key core technologies are more complex.The core issues of innovation subjects,innovation elements,and innovation processes go beyond the specific domain boundaries defined by traditional technology innovation manage-ment.They not only manifest as high uncertainty at the technical level,efficient collaboration at the organizational level,and diverse links at the control level,but also come with multiple challenges of high risk and complex environment.Therefore,key core technolo-gies are facing more complex management environments and inno-vation requirements,and need to break free from the constraints of traditional technology innovation management paradigms,decon-struct the innovation management mechanism of key core technol-ogies from start-up to marketization,and form a set of innovation management paradigms suitable for breakthroughs in China's key core technologies.However,research on innovation management of key core technologies is still in its infancy.Even though scholars have focused on the system framework and implementation path of the innovation process of key core technologies,representative Chinese innovation management theories such as secondary inno-vation,comprehensive innovation,and integrated innovation have provided theoretical support for innovation management of key core technologies.However,these studies are still limited to discussing technology breakthroughs and market applications separately,and have not comprehensively explored the entire innovation process of key core technologies from breakthroughs to market applications.Domestic substitution provides a theoretical perspective for this process.The domestic substitution of key core technologies not only focuses on independent and controllable technology,but also at-taches importance to how to achieve substitution applications after technological breakthroughs.Existing research focuses on achiev-ing independent and controllable technology through technological substitution,laying a theoretical foundation for innovative break-throughs in key core technologies from scratch.However,these studies have not paid enough attention to how key core technologies can achieve alternative applications on the basis of autonomous controllability.The domestic substitution of key core technologies is a comprehensive concept,and innovation breakthroughs from scratch are only the first step.The higher requirements for domestic substitution of key core technologies are innovation leadership and market application from existing to excellent.Existing research at-tempts to analyze the innovation logic of this process by combining theories such as technological catch-up,business model innovation,innovation ecosystem,and integrated innovation.However,these innovative theories have not thoroughly analyzed the essential characteristics of domestic substitution of key core technologies.It is particularly important to overcome the shortcomings of existing innovation theories and construct a theory of domestic substitution of key core technologies suitable for China's context.Based on the understanding of the essential characteristics of do-mestic substitution of key core technologies,this article attempts to explain the process of domestic substitution of key core tech-nologies from the initiation of research and development to market application using the theory of substitution innovation.Substitution innovation refers to the innovative methods or models adopted by key core technologies in the process of achieving independent con-trollability and substitution application.This article takes 14 typical cases as research objects and uses the programmatic grounded the-ory method to answer three key questions:First,what is alternative innovation?Secondly,how can alternative innovation assist in the transition of key core technologies from research and development to market application?Thirdly,what is the process mechanism of key core technology substitution innovation?By analyzing the above issues,this article will make theoretical contributions from two aspects:(1)opening up the"black box"process of key core technologies from autonomous controllability to alternative applica-tions,proposing that domestic substitution of key core technologies is a process of top-down substitution readiness,technology substi-tution from scratch,and two-dimensional substitution from existing to superior products and markets,further enriching the research on domestic substitution of key core technologies;(2)Propose an in-novation theory of domestic substitution for key core technologies-alternative innovation,deconstruct its connotation and characteris-tics,and construct its process model.
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维普
