首页|机会不平等影响居民消费的机制与效应——基于CFPS数据的经验研究

机会不平等影响居民消费的机制与效应——基于CFPS数据的经验研究

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本文利用中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)2010-2018 年 5 轮调查数据测度我国机会不平等程度,研究机会不平等对居民消费的影响效应和作用机制.结果表明,机会不平等程度的上升将显著抑制居民家庭消费支出;机制分析表明,机会不平等主要通过社会资本、流动性约束和经济地位渴求影响居民消费.扩展研究发现,机会不平等主要挤出了居民普通消费支出,且这一抑制作用对农村户籍、受教育程度低和体制外的家庭更强;而民生性财政支出和数字普惠金融可以消减机会不平等对居民家庭消费的抑制作用.本文研究结论从机会不平等视角为全面促进居民消费、构建新发展格局和实现共同富裕与共享发展提供了理论和经验证据.
Mechanisms and Effects of Inequality of Opportunity on Household Consumption:An Empirical Study Based on CFPS
Constructing the new development paradigm requires comprehensive enhance-ment of household consumption,and reducing inequality of opportunity is not only an in-herent requirement for social fairness but also an important path to achieving common pros-perity.Based on this view,our paper utilizes data from the China Family Panel Stud-ies(CFPS)conducted between 2010 and 2018 to measure the level inequality of opportunity in China and empirically investigates its effects and mechanisms on household consumption.The results indicate that the increase in inequality of opportunity significantly suppresses household consumption expenditure.The mechanism analysis reveals that inequality of op-portunity primarily affects household consumption through social capital,liquidity con-straints and aspirations for economic status.Furthermore,the study finds that inequality of opportunity mainly squeezes out ordinary household consumption.This inhibitory effect is stronger for households with rural household registration,lower educational attainment,and those outside the public sector.However,it can be mitigated by public welfare fiscal expenditures and digital financial inclusion.From the perspective of opportunity inequality,the findings of this study provide theoretical and empirical evidence for promot-ing household consumption comprehensively,constructing the new development paradigm,and achieving common prosperity.

Inequality of OpportunityHousehold ConsumptionSocial NetworksLiquidity ConstraintsAspirations for economic status

杨碧云、梁子昊、易行健、李家山

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广东外语外贸大学金融学院金融开放与资产管理研究中心

广州华南财富管理中心研究基地(邮编:510006)

广东外语外贸大学金融学院(邮编:510006)

广东金融学院金融与投资学院

广东外语外贸大学金融学院(邮编:510521)

浙江大学公共管理学院长三角智慧绿洲创新中心(邮编:314100)

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机会不平等 居民消费 社会网络 流动性约束 经济地位渴求

国家社会科学基金一般项目(2023)国家自然科学基金面上项目(2022)国家社会科学基金(2022)广东省自然科学基金面上项目(2023)广东省哲学社会科学规划项目(2022)

23BJL1277227303622VRC0022023A515011909GD22CYJ01

2024

10.14116/j.nkes.2024.03.002

南开经济研究
南开大学经济学院

南开经济研究

CSTPCDCSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子：1.82
ISSN：1001-4691
年,卷(期)：2024.(3)
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