Demographic Transition and the Demand for Air Quality:Empirical Study Based on CGSS 2005-2021
This paper analyzes and predicts the impact of the population age structure shift on the total environmental quality demand of the society by matching the CGSS micro-survey data and air quality data from 2005 to 2021,and measuring the residents'willingness to pay for the environment using the life satisfaction approach.The results show that:(1)the average annual environmental willingness payment of residents for one unit of API,SO2,PM10 and NO2 concentration reduction is 736.4,807.7,639.5 and 922.4yuan,respectively.(2)In the age effect,the environmental willingness to pay and age distribution show an"in-verted U"relationship,with the peak occurring between the age of 50 and 70.In the birth group effect,the environmental willingness to pay of the younger generation is significantly higher than that of the older generation.(3)Calculations based on the projected changes in the age structure of the population show that the age effect and the birth cohort effect will jointly drive a significant increase in the overall demand for air quality in society.By 2035,the marginal environmental willingness to pay for API,SO2 and PM10 will reach 5.02%,11.54%and 6.13%of per capita household income,up 24.9%,24.7%and 17.4%,respectively,from 2015.
Demographic Age StructureAir Quality DemandEnvironmental Willingness to PayLife Satisfaction Approach
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