Distribution Characteristics of Biocrust in Dumping Field of Alpine Mining Area and Its Effect on Soil-vegetation Restoration
Biocrust is recognized as an ecological engineer for the restoration of degraded ecosystem,but its distri-bution characteristics and restoration effect on soil-vegetation in dumping field of alpine mining area are still poorly understood,which has limited its application in these areas.In this paper,biocrust in dumping field of Baorixile open-pit coal mine was taken as the research objects.Through field investigation and artificial inoculation experi-ment,the distribution characteristics of biocrust in dumping field and the influences of artificial-cultivated biocrust on soil-vegetation system were studied,the results showed:(1)Biocrust dominated by moss crust was an important surface cover in this area,with a maximum coverage of 49.0%.Its distribution was affected by topography,vascu-lar plant species and planting time.(2)Biocrust played an irreplaceable role in maintaining soil particle composition and nutrients,which the content of clay powder particle was increased by 6%,the content of total carbon and total nitrogen was increased by 24%and 10%,respectively.(3)After inoculation with artificially-cultivated biocrust ma-terials(cyanobacterium:moss=1:3-4),it could improve the vascular plant productivity(the maximum increase of herbaceous biomass was 21%)and reduce the soil erosion(the maximum increase of total carbon,total nitrogen and clay powder particle content,pH value and electrical conductivity were 20%,16%,1%,-3%and 21%,respec-tively).Therefore,this study provided a reference for the ecological restoration idea and implementation approach of using biocrust as an intermediate state to promote the overall restoration of soil-vegetation system in dumping filed of alpine mining area.
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